Bioartificial or laboratory-grown organs is a growing field centered on developing replacement organs and tissues to restore body function and providing a potential solution to the shortage of donor organs for transplantation. With the entry of engineered planar tissues, such as bladder and trachea, into clinical studies, an increasing focus is being given to designing complex, three-dimensional solid organs. As tissues become larger, thicker and more complex, the vascular network becomes crucial for supplying nutrients and maintaining viability and growth of the neo-organ. Perfusion decellularization, the process of removing cells from an entire organ, leaves the matrix of the vascular network intact. Organ engineering requires a delicate process of decellularization, sterilization, reseeding with appropriate cells, and organ maturation and stimulation to ensure optimal development. The design of bioreactors to facilitate this sequence of events has been refined to the extent that some bioartificial organs grown in these systems have been transplanted into recipient animals with sustained, though limited, function. This review focuses on the state-of-art in bioreactor development for perfusion-based bioartificial organs and highlights specific design components in need of further refinement.

中文翻译：

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用于基于灌注的高度血管化器官再生的生物反应器设计。

生物人工或实验室培养器官是一个不断发展的领域，其核心是开发替代器官和组织以恢复身体功能，并为移植供体器官短缺提供潜在的解决方案。随着诸如膀胱和气管等工程平面组织进入临床研究，设计复杂的三维实体器官越来越受到关注。随着组织变得更大、更厚和更复杂，血管网络对于供应营养和维持新器官的活力和生长变得至关重要。灌注脱细胞，即从整个器官中去除细胞的过程，使血管网络的基质完好无损。器官工程需要一个精细的脱细胞、灭菌、重新接种适当细胞的过程，器官成熟和刺激以确保最佳发育。促进这一系列事件的生物反应器的设计已经得到改进，以至于在这些系统中生长的一些生物人工器官已被移植到受体动物中，其功能虽然有限，但具有持续性。本综述侧重于基于灌注的生物人工器官的生物反应器开发的最新技术，并重点介绍了需要进一步改进的特定设计组件。