Stem cell therapy and translational stem cell research require large-scale supply of stem cells at high purity and viability, thus leading to the development of stem cell separation technologies. This review covers key technologies being applied to stem cell separation, and also highlights exciting new approaches in this field. First, we will cover conventional separation methods that are commercially available and have been widely adapted. These methods include Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), Magnet-activated cell sorting (MACS), pre-plating, conditioned expansion media, density gradient centrifugation, field flow fractionation (FFF), and dielectrophoresis (DEP). Next, we will introduce emerging novel methods that are currently under development. These methods include improved aqueous two-phase system, systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX), and various types of microfluidic platforms. Finally, we will discuss the challenges and directions towards future breakthroughs for stem cell isolation. Advancing stem cell separation techniques will be essential for clinical and research applications of stem cells.

中文翻译：

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干细胞分离技术。

干细胞治疗和转化干细胞研究需要大量供应高纯度和高活力的干细胞，从而导致干细胞分离技术的发展。这篇综述涵盖了应用于干细胞分离的关键技术，并重点介绍了该领域令人兴奋的新方法。首先，我们将介绍市售并已广泛采用的传统分离方法。这些方法包括荧光激活细胞分选 (FACS)、磁体激活细胞分选 (MACS)、预镀、条件扩增培养基、密度梯度离心、场流分级 (FFF) 和介电泳 (DEP)。接下来，我们将介绍目前正在开发的新兴方法。这些方法包括改进的水性两相系统，通过指数富集 (SELEX) 和各种类型的微流体平台系统进化配体。最后，我们将讨论干细胞分离未来突破的挑战和方向。先进的干细胞分离技术对于干细胞的临床和研究应用至关重要。