AIM Depression represents the most frequent psychiatric disorder in patients on maintenance haemodialysis (HD), and it might be associated with secretion of inflammatory cytokines. In this study, we explore the possible correlations between depression and pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines, as well as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) serum levels. METHODS Eighty three HD patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Depressive symptoms were measured with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and 'elevated symptoms of depression' were defined as a BDI score of ≥16. Biochemical parameters (serum albumin, haemoglobin, ferritin, etc.) and dialysis dosage delivery (kt/v) were assessed. Serum IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and hs-CRP levels were measured using an ELISA method. Thirty two, healthy, age- and sex-matched individuals were included as the control group. RESULTS The prevalence of depression in HD patients was 61.4%. HD Patients with symptoms of depression had lower educational levels compared to non-depressed ones (P = 0.02), but did not differ with respect to age, gender, time on dialysis program, marital status, or smoking habits. Depressed patients also had significantly higher serum levels of IL-6, the IL-6-to-IL-10 ratio, as well as lower haemoglobin levels (P = 0.003, P = 0.002, and P = 0.02 respectively). No differences in mean serum IL-1β, IL-10, TNF-α, or hs-CRP concentrations were noted between the two groups. The BDI scores showed a significant, positive correlation with serum levels of IL-1β (P = 0.03), IL-6 (P = 0.001), TNF-α (P = 0.02), the IL-6-to-IL-10 ratio (P = 0.001), and a negative correlation with haemoglobin levels (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Maintenance HD patients with symptoms of depression may have higher serum levels of IL-6, a IL-6-to-IL-10 ratio, and lower haemoglobin concentrations. An imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines may play an important role in the pathogenesis of depression in HD patients.

中文翻译：

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血液透析患者促炎和抗炎细胞因子失衡与抑郁之间的关系。

AIM抑郁症是维持性血液透析（HD）患者中最常见的精神病，可能与炎症性细胞因子的分泌有关。在这项研究中，我们探讨了抑郁与促炎（IL-1β，IL-6和TNF-α），抗炎（IL-10）细胞因子以及高敏C反应蛋白之间的可能相关性（hs-CRP）血清水平。方法这项横断面研究纳入了83名HD患者。抑郁症状用贝克抑郁量表（BDI）进行测量，“抑郁症状增高”定义为BDI得分≥16。评估生化参数（血清白蛋白，血红蛋白，铁蛋白等）和透析剂量（kt / v）。使用ELISA方法测量血清IL-1β，IL-6，IL-10，TNF-α和hs-CRP水平。纳入健康，年龄和性别匹配的三十二个人作为对照组。结果HD患者的抑郁症患病率为61.4％。伴有抑郁症状的HD患者与非抑郁患者相比，其文化程度较低（P = 0.02），但在年龄，性别，透析时间，婚姻状况或吸烟习惯方面无差异。抑郁症患者的血清IL-6水平，IL-6与IL-10的比率也明显较高，并且血红蛋白水平也较低（分别为P = 0.003，P = 0.002和P = 0.02）。两组之间的平均血清IL-1β，IL-10，TNF-α或hs-CRP浓度无差异。BDI评分与血清IL-1β（P = 0.03），IL-6（P = 0.001），TNF-α（P = 0.02），IL-6至IL-10的血清水平呈显着正相关。比（P = 0.001），与血红蛋白水平呈负相关（P = 0.02）。结论维持性抑郁症伴抑郁症状的HD患者可能具有较高的血清IL-6水平，IL-6与IL-10的比率以及较低的血红蛋白浓度。促炎和抗炎细胞因子之间的失衡可能在HD患者抑郁症的发病机理中起重要作用。