Behavioural, cognitive and neuroanatomical characteristics of Tourette syndrome (TS) encourage the investigation of social cognitive abilities, which are critical for successful social interaction. This exhaustive review covers studies which have addressed a range of abilities in TS including the understanding of nonliteral language, socially inappropriate exchanges, facial expressions and specific aspects of theory of mind. While the changes in social cognition in TS appear subtle, suitably sensitive measures such as the faux pas task highlight alterations in TS on tasks which involve combinations of emotional information, conflicting perspectives and decision making. Importantly, the differences on social cognitive tasks in TS do not generally reflect a failure to attribute mental states, but rather reflect unconventional responses to social information. Studies have yet to investigate social cognition in children with TS, or evaluate the contribution of common co-morbid disorders. Interpretation of the basis for task deficits is also complex, and research using carefully matched tasks is needed. Nevertheless, it is becoming evident that some aspects of social reasoning involved in decision making are altered in uncomplicated TS, and further investigation in this area may shed light on the mechanisms involved in some of the more socially disabling symptoms associated with this condition.

中文翻译：

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图雷特综合征的社会认知改变：性质和影响。

Tourette 综合征 (TS) 的行为、认知和神经解剖学特征鼓励对社会认知能力的研究，这对于成功的社会互动至关重要。这篇详尽的综述涵盖了针对 TS 中一系列能力的研究，包括对非文字语言的理解、社交不当交流、面部表情和心理理论的特定方面。虽然 TS 中社会认知的变化看起来很微妙，但适当敏感的措施（例如失礼任务）突出了 TS 在涉及情感信息、冲突观点和决策组合的任务中的变化。重要的是，TS 中社会认知任务的差异通常并不反映无法归因于心理状态，而是反映对社会信息的非常规反应。研究尚未调查 TS 儿童的社会认知，或评估常见共病疾病的贡献。对任务缺陷基础的解释也很复杂，需要使用仔细匹配的任务进行研究。然而，越来越明显的是，决策制定中涉及的社会推理的某些方面在不复杂的 TS 中发生了改变，该领域的进一步调查可能会揭示与这种情况相关的一些更社会残疾症状所涉及的机制。需要使用仔细匹配的任务进行研究。然而，越来越明显的是，决策制定中涉及的社会推理的某些方面在不复杂的 TS 中发生了改变，该领域的进一步调查可能会阐明与这种情况相关的一些更社会残疾症状所涉及的机制。需要使用仔细匹配的任务进行研究。然而，越来越明显的是，决策制定中涉及的社会推理的某些方面在不复杂的 TS 中发生了改变，该领域的进一步调查可能会揭示与这种情况相关的一些更社会残疾症状所涉及的机制。