The general approach to assessment of risk from chemical contaminants in drinking water involves three steps: hazard identification, exposure assessment, and dose-response assessment. Traditionally, the risks to humans associated with different levels of a chemical have been derived from the toxic responses observed in animals. It is becoming increasingly clear, however, that further information is needed if risks to humans are to be assessed accurately. Biologically based models help clarify the dose-response relationship and reduce uncertainty.

中文翻译：

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将基于生物学的模型纳入化学污染物风险评估中。

评估饮用水中化学污染物风险的一般方法包括三个步骤：危害识别，暴露评估和剂量反应评估。传统上，与化学物质不同含量有关的对人类的风险已经从动物身上观察到的毒性反应中得出。但是，越来越清楚的是，如果要准确评估对人类的风险，则需要进一步的信息。基于生物学的模型有助于阐明剂量反应关系并减少不确定性。