Electrocution from power infrastructure threatens many primate species, yet knowledge of effective evidence-based mitigation strategies is limited. Mitigation planning requires an understanding of the spatial distribution of electrocutions to prioritize high-risk areas. In Diani, a coastal Kenyan town, electrocution is an important cause of death for five primate species. In this study we aim to describe the spatial patterns of electrocutions and electric shock incidents (collectively referred to as electrocutions hereafter) and identify electrocution hotspots to guide an effective primate conservation approach in Diani. Colobus Conservation, a not-for-profit organization, has recorded electrocutions and annual primate census data since 1998. We georeferenced 329 electrocution data points and analyzed them using QGIS. We identified and compared hotspots across species, seasons, and time using kernel density estimation and Getis-Ord-Gi*. We employed spatial regression models to test whether primate population density and power line density predicted the location of electrocution hotspots. Electrocutions occurred in hotspots that showed little variation in location between species and seasons. The limited variation in hotspot location over time likely occurred as a result of new building development in Diani and variability in primate detection rates by community members. Primate density and power line density were significant predictors of electrocution density for Angolan black-and-white colobus (Colobus angolensis palliatus) and Sykes monkeys (Cercopithecus mitis albogularis), but the relationship was weak, suggesting the presence of additional risk factors. This study provides a framework for systematic spatial prioritization of power lines that can be used to reduce primate electrocutions in Diani, and can be adopted in other areas of the world where primates are at risk from electrocution.

中文翻译：

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肯尼亚迪亚尼灵长类动物触电的空间模式

电力基础设施的触电威胁着许多灵长类动物，但有效的循证缓解策略的知识有限。缓解规划需要了解触电的空间分布，以优先考虑高风险区域。在肯尼亚沿海城镇迪亚尼，触电是五种灵长类动物死亡的重要原因。在这项研究中，我们旨在描述触电和电击事件（以下统称为触电）的空间模式，并确定触电热点，以指导 Diani 采取有效的灵长类动物保护方法。Colobus Conservation 是一个非营利组织，自 1998 年以来一直记录触电事件和年度灵长类动物普查数据。我们对 329 个触电数据点进行了地理参考，并使用 QGIS 对其进行了分析。我们使用核密度估计和 Getis-Ord-Gi* 识别并比较了跨物种、跨季节和跨时间的热点。我们采用空间回归模型来测试灵长类动物种群密度和电力线密度是否能预测触电热点的位置。触电发生在热点地区，物种和季节之间的位置变化很小。热点位置随时间的有限变化可能是由于迪亚尼的新建筑开发和社区成员灵长类动物检测率的变化。灵长类动物密度和电力线密度是安哥拉黑白疣猴 (Colobus angolensis palliatus) 和赛克斯猴 (Cercopithecus mitis albogularis) 触电密度的重要预测因素，但相关性较弱，表明存在其他风险因素。