Sea level rise is causing shoreline erosion, increased coastal flooding, and marsh vulnerability to the impact of storms. Coastal marshes provide flood abatement, carbon and nutrient sequestration, water quality maintenance, and habitat for fish, shellfish, and wildlife, including species of concern, such as the saltmarsh sparrow (Ammodramus caudacutus). We present a climate change adaptation strategy (CCAS) adopted by scientific, management, and policy stakeholders for managing coastal marshes and enhancing system resiliency. A common adaptive management approach previously used for restoration projects was modified to identify climate-related vulnerabilities and plan climate change adaptive actions. As an example of implementation of the CCAS, we describe the stakeholder plans and management actions the US Fish and Wildlife Service and partners developed to build coastal resiliency in the Narrow River Estuary, RI in the aftermath of Superstorm Sandy. When possible an experimental BACI (Before-After, Control-Impact) design, described as pre- and post-sampling at the impact site and one or more control sites, was incorporated into the climate change adaptation and implementation plans. Specific climate change adaptive actions and monitoring plans are described, and include shoreline stabilization, restoring marsh drainage, increasing marsh elevation, and enabling upland marsh migration. The CCAS provides a framework and methodology for successfully managing coastal systems faced with deteriorating habitat, accelerated sea level rise, and changes in precipitation and storm patterns.

中文翻译：

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一种管理沿海沼泽系统的适应气候变化的战略。

海平面上升导致海岸线侵蚀，沿海洪灾增加以及沼泽易受风暴影响。沿海沼泽提供减洪，碳和养分隔离，水质维持以及鱼类，贝类和野生生物（包括相关物种，如盐沼麻雀（Ammodramus caudacutus））的栖息地。我们提出了由科学，管理和政策利益相关者采用的气候变化适应策略（CCAS），用于管理沿海沼泽和增强系统的适应性。对以前用于恢复项目的通用适应性管理方法进行了修改，以识别与气候有关的脆弱性并计划适应气候变化的行动。作为实施CCAS的示例，我们描述了美国鱼类和野生动物服务局及合作伙伴开发的利益相关者计划和管理措施，目的是在超级风暴桑迪过后，在RI的窄河口建立沿海适应力。在可能的情况下，将试验性BACI（前后影响控制）设计（描述为在影响地点和一个或多个控制地点进行的前和后采样）纳入气候变化适应和实施计划中。描述了特定的气候变化适应性行动和监测计划，包括海岸线稳定，恢复沼泽排水，增加沼泽海拔和促进陆地沼泽迁移。CCAS提供了一个框架和方法，可以成功地管理面临生境恶化，海平面上升加速以及降水和暴风模式变化的沿海系统。