OBJECTIVES Utilitarian and recreational walking both contribute to physical activity. Yet walking for these two purposes may be different behaviors. We sought to provide operational definitions of utilitarian and recreational walking and to objectively measure their behavioral, spatial, and temporal differences in order to inform transportation and public health policies and interventions. METHODS Data were collected 2008-2009 from 651 Seattle-King County residents, wearing an accelerometer and a GPS unit, and filling-in a travel diary for 7 days. Walking activity bouts were classified as utilitarian or recreational based on whether walking had a destination or not. Differences between the two walking purposes were analyzed, adjusting for the nested structure of walking activity within participants. RESULTS Of the 4,905 observed walking bouts, 87.4% were utilitarian and 12.6% recreational walking. Utilitarian walking bouts were 45% shorter in duration (-12.1 min) and 9% faster in speed (+0.3km/h) than recreational walking bouts. Recreational walking occurred more frequently in the home neighborhood and was not associated with recreational land uses. Utilitarian walking occurred in areas having higher residential, employment, and street density, lower residential property value, higher area percentage of mixed-use neighborhood destinations, lower percentage of parks/trails, and lower average topographic slope than recreational walking. CONCLUSION Utilitarian and recreational walking are substantially different in terms of frequency, speed, duration, location, and related built environment. Policies that promote walking should adopt type-specific strategies. The high occurrence of recreational walking near home highlights the importance of the home neighborhood for this activity.

中文翻译：

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客观测量的实用步行和休闲步行在行为、时间、地点和建筑环境方面的差异。

目标 实用和休闲步行都有助于身体活动。然而，为这两个目的而行走可能是不同的行为。我们试图提供实用和休闲步行的操作定义，并客观地衡量它们的行为、空间和时间差异，以便为交通和公共卫生政策和干预措施提供信息。方法 从 2008-2009 年收集 651 名西雅图-金县居民的数据，他们佩戴加速度计和 GPS 装置，并填写 7 天的旅行日记。根据步行是否有目的地，步行活动回合被归类为实用性或娱乐性。分析了两种步行目的之间的差异，调整了参与者内步行活动的嵌套结构。结果 在观察到的 4,905 次步行比赛中，87.4% 是实用的，12.6% 是休闲步行。实用性步行比赛的持续时间（-12.1 分钟）比休闲步行比赛短 45%，速度快 9%（+0.3 公里/小时）。休闲步行更频繁地发生在家庭社区，并且与休闲用地无关。实用性步行发生在住宅、就业和街道密度较高、住宅物业价值较低、混合用途社区目的地百分比较高、公园/步道百分比较低以及平均地形坡度低于休闲步行的地区。结论 实用步行和休闲步行在频率、速度、持续时间、位置和相关建筑环境方面存在很大差异。促进步行的政策应采用针对特定类型的策略。