The aim of the present study is to assess the toxic effect of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and diethyl phthalate (DEP) on the freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio. The median lethal concentrations of DBP and DEP for 96 h are found to be 35 and 53 mg L-1, respectively. Fish were exposed to 3.5 mg L-1 (Treatment I) and 1.75 mg L-1 (Treatment II) of DBP and 5.3 mg L-1 (Treatment I) and 2.65 mg L-1 (Treatment II) of DEP for a period of 35 days. The DBP and DEP exposed fish show a concentration based toxic effect on the selected parameters of this study. The hematological parameters, such as hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct) and erythrocyte (RBC), were found to decrease in the DBP and DEP treated fish, whereas their leucocyte (WBC) count increased compared to that of the control groups. A biphasic response is noted in the erythrocyte indices, such as mean cellular volume (MCV), mean cellular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean cellular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), throughout the study period. Exposure to DBP and DEP caused a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), and chloride (Cl-) levels in the gill and brain of the fish throughout the study period when compared to that of their respective controls. The plasma protein level decreased in all the treatments, whereas the plasma glucose level significantly increased in the DBP and DEP exposed fish. Maximum inhibition of Na+/K+-ATPase activity was noticed in the gill and brain of the fish exposed to DBP and DEP. The cholinesterase (ChE) activity in the brain of the fish significantly decreased throughout the study period. A significant (p < 0.05) increase in glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvate transaminase (GPT) activity was noted in the fish exposed to both toxicants. The antioxidant enzymatic parameters such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were found to decrease in the gill and liver of the DBP and DEP treated fish, whereas a significant (p < 0.05) increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO) was observed. The above mentioned parameters could be used as potential biomarkers in clinical trials for the assessment of plasticizers. This study provides indispensable information towards future research on the effect of plasticizers on non-target organisms including humans.

中文翻译：

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低分子量邻苯二甲酸酯（C16H22O4和C12H14O4）对淡水鲤鱼的潜在影响。

本研究的目的是评估邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP）和邻苯二甲酸二乙酯（DEP）对淡水鱼鲤鱼的毒性作用。发现96小时内DBP和DEP的致死浓度分别为35和53 mg L-1。将鱼暴露于3.5 mg L-1（处理I）和1.75 mg L-1（处理II）的DBP和5.3 mg L-1（处理I）和2.65 mg L-1（处理II）的DEP中一段时间​​。 35天。暴露于DBP和DEP的鱼对本研究的所选参数表现出基于浓度的毒性作用。发现用DBP和DEP处理的鱼的血液学参数（例如血红蛋白（Hb），血细胞比容（Hct）和红细胞（RBC））降低，而白细胞（WBC）计数则比对照组增加。在红细胞指数中指出了双相反应，例如整个研究期间的平均细胞体积（MCV），平均细胞血红蛋白（MCH）和平均细胞血红蛋白浓度（MCHC）。在整个研究期间，与DBP和DEP相比，接触DBP和DEP会导致鱼）和脑中的钠（Na +），钾（K +）和氯（Cl-）含量显着（p <0.05）降低各个控件。在所有处理中，血浆蛋白水平均下降，而暴露于DBP和DEP中的鱼的血浆葡萄糖水平显着提高。Na + / K + -ATPase活性的最大抑制作用在暴露于DBP和DEP的鱼的the和大脑中被发现。在整个研究期间，鱼脑中的胆碱酯酶（ChE）活性显着下降。显着性（p <0。05）在暴露于两种毒物的鱼中，发现谷氨酸草酰乙酸转氨酶（GOT）和谷氨酸丙酮酸转氨酶（GPT）活性增加。发现抗氧化剂酶参数如超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性在DBP和DEP处理的鱼的g和肝脏中降低，而脂质过氧化（LPO）显着提高（p <0.05）观测到的。上述参数可以在临床试验中用作潜在的生物标志物，以评估增塑剂。这项研究为增塑剂对包括人类在内的非目标生物的影响的未来研究提供了必不可少的信息。发现抗氧化剂酶参数如超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性在DBP和DEP处理的鱼的g和肝脏中降低，而脂质过氧化（LPO）显着提高（p <0.05）观测到的。上述参数可在临床试验中用作评估增塑剂的潜在生物标志物。这项研究为增塑剂对包括人类在内的非目标生物的影响的未来研究提供了必不可少的信息。发现抗氧化剂酶参数如超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性在DBP和DEP处理的鱼的g和肝脏中降低，而脂质过氧化（LPO）显着提高（p <0.05）观测到的。上述参数可在临床试验中用作评估增塑剂的潜在生物标志物。这项研究为增塑剂对包括人类在内的非目标生物的影响的未来研究提供了必不可少的信息。