Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are used in an increasing number of industrial products such as rubber, paint, coating, and cosmetics. In the past two decades, ZnO NPs have become one of the most popular metal oxide nanoparticles in biological applications due to their excellent biocompatibility, economic, and low toxicity. ZnO NPs have emerged a promising potential in biomedicine, especially in the fields of anticancer and antibacterial fields, which are involved with their potent ability to trigger excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, release zinc ions, and induce cell apoptosis. In addition, zinc is well known to keep the structural integrity of insulin. So, ZnO NPs also have been effectively developed for antidiabetic treatment. Moreover, ZnO NPs show excellent luminescent properties and have turned them into one of the main candidates for bioimaging. Here, we summarize the synthesis and recent advances of ZnO NPs in the biomedical fields, which will be helpful for facilitating their future research progress and focusing on biomedical fields.

中文翻译：

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氧化锌纳米粒子在生物医学中的应用进展。

氧化锌纳米颗粒（ZnO NPs）用于越来越多的工业产品，例如橡胶，油漆，涂料和化妆品。在过去的二十年中，ZnO NPs具有出色的生物相容性，经济性和低毒性，已成为生物应用中最受欢迎的金属氧化物纳米颗粒之一。ZnO NP在生物医学领域，特别是在抗癌和抗菌领域，具有潜在的潜力，可触发过量的活性氧（ROS）生成，释放锌离子并诱导细胞凋亡，因此在生物医学领域已显示出广阔的前景。另外，众所周知锌可以保持胰岛素的结构完整性。因此，ZnO NPs也已被有效开发用于抗糖尿病治疗。而且，ZnO NPs具有出色的发光特性，已使其成为生物成像的主要候选材料之一。在这里，我们总结了ZnO NPs在生物医学领域的合成和最新进展，这将有助于促进其未来的研究进展，并将重点放在生物医学领域。