ABSTRACT Vibrational spectroscopy provides non-destructively the molecular fingerprint of plant cells in the native state. In combination with microscopy, the chemical composition can be followed in context with the microstructure, and due to the non-destructive application, in-situ studies of changes during, e.g., degradation or mechanical load are possible. The two complementary vibrational microspectroscopic approaches, Fourier-Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Microspectroscopy and Confocal Raman spectroscopy, are based on different physical principles and the resulting different drawbacks and advantages in plant applications are reviewed. Examples for FT-IR and Raman microscopy applications on plant cell walls, including imaging as well as in-situ studies, are shown to have high potential to get a deeper understanding of structure–function relationships as well as biological processes and technical treatments. Both probe numerous different molecular vibrations of all components at once and thus result in spectra with many overlapping bands, a challenge for assignment and interpretation. With the help of multivariate unmixing methods (e.g., vertex components analysis), the most pure components can be revealed and their distribution mapped, even tiny layers and structures (250 nm). Instrumental as well as data analysis progresses make both microspectroscopic methods more and more promising tools in plant cell wall research.

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通过振动显微光谱对植物细胞壁的新见解

摘要 振动光谱法提供了非破坏性植物细胞在天然状态下的分子指纹。结合显微镜，可以在微观结构的背景下跟踪化学成分，并且由于非破坏性应用，可以对降解或机械负载期间的变化进行原位研究。两种互补的振动显微光谱方法，傅里叶变换红外 (FT-IR) 显微光谱和共焦拉曼光谱，基于不同的物理原理，并回顾了在植物应用中产生的不同缺点和优点。FT-IR 和拉曼显微镜在植物细胞壁上的应用示例，包括成像和原位研究，被证明具有深入了解结构-功能关系以及生物过程和技术治疗的巨大潜力。两者都同时探测所有组分的许多不同分子振动，从而产生具有许多重叠带的光谱，这是分配和解释的挑战。借助多元分解方法（例如，顶点成分分析），可以揭示最纯净的成分并绘制它们的分布图，甚至是微小的层和结构（250 nm）。仪器和数据分析的进步使这两种显微光谱方法在植物细胞壁研究中越来越有前景。两者都同时探测所有组分的许多不同分子振动，从而产生具有许多重叠带的光谱，这是分配和解释的挑战。借助多元分解方法（例如，顶点成分分析），可以揭示最纯净的成分并绘制它们的分布图，甚至是微小的层和结构（250 nm）。仪器和数据分析的进步使这两种显微光谱方法在植物细胞壁研究中越来越有前景。两者都同时探测所有组分的许多不同分子振动，从而产生具有许多重叠带的光谱，这是分配和解释的挑战。借助多元分解方法（例如，顶点成分分析），可以揭示最纯净的成分并绘制它们的分布图，甚至是微小的层和结构（250 nm）。仪器和数据分析的进步使这两种显微光谱方法在植物细胞壁研究中越来越有前景。