The prevalence of Heart failure (HF) is expected to increase worldwide with the aging population trend. The numerous symptoms of and repeated hospitalizations for HF negatively affect the patient's quality of life and increase the patient's economic burden. Up to 50% of patients with HF suffer from urinary incontinence (UI) and an overactive bladder (OAB). However, there are limited data about the relationship between UI, OAB, and HF. The association between HF and urinary symptoms may be directly attributable to worsening HF pathophysiology. A comprehensive literature review was conducted for all publications between January 2000 and November 2017 using the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases. HF represents a major and growing public health problem, with an increased risk of UI and an OAB as comorbidities. Possible effects of HF on urinary problems may be mediated by the prescription of medications for symptomatic relief. Although diuretics are typically used to relieve congestion, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers improve survival, these classes of drugs have been suggested to worsen urinary symptoms in the presence of HF. Further research is required to understand the impact of UI and an OAB on the HF illness trajectory.

中文翻译：

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膀胱过度活动症是心力衰竭的困扰症状。

随着人口老龄化趋势，全球范围内的心力衰竭（HF）患病率预计将增加。HF的许多症状和反复住院会对患者的生活质量产生负面影响，并增加患者的经济负担。多达50％的HF患者患有尿失禁（UI）和膀胱过度活动症（OAB）。但是，关于UI，OAB和HF之间关系的数据有限。HF与泌尿系统症状之间的关系可能直接归因于HF病理生理的恶化。使用PubMed，Embase和Cochrane数据库对2000年1月至2017年11月之间的所有出版物进行了全面的文献综述。HF代表着一个日益严重的主要公共卫生问题，UI和OAB作为合并症的风险增加。HF对尿路问题的可能影响可能是通过缓解症状的药物处方来介导的。尽管利尿剂通常用于缓解充血，并且血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂和血管紧张素受体阻滞剂可提高生存率，但已建议这些类型的药物在存在HF的情况下加重尿路症状。需要进一步的研究来了解UI和OAB对HF疾病轨迹的影响。