The ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins play a crucial role in promoting locus-specific reversal of DNA methylation, a type of chromatin modification. Considerable evidences have demonstrated that the sequence motifs with specific codes are important to determine the functions of domains and active sites. Here, we surveyed major studies and reviews regarding the multiple functions of the TET proteins and established the patterns of the motif arrangements that determine the functions of TET proteins. First, we summarized the functional sequence basis of TET proteins and identified the new functional motifs based on the phylogenetic relationship. Next, we described the sequence characteristics of the functional motifs in detail and provided an overview of the relationship between the sequence motifs and the functions of TET proteins, including known functions and potential functions. Finally, we highlighted that sequence motifs with diverse post-translational modifications perform unique functions, and different selection pressures lead to different arrangements of sequence motifs, resulting in different paralogs and isoforms.

中文翻译：

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TET蛋白的功能决定因素：具有特定密码的序列基序的排列。

十一十一易位（TET）蛋白在促进基因组特异性逆转DNA甲基化（染色质修饰的一种）中起关键作用。大量证据表明，具有特定密码的序列基序对于确定域和活性位点的功能很重要。在这里，我们调查了有关TET蛋白多种功能的主要研究和评论，并确定了决定TET蛋白功能的基序排列模式。首先，我们总结了TET蛋白的功能序列基础，并根据系统发生关系确定了新的功能基序。接下来，我们详细描述了功能基序的序列特征，并概述了序列基序与TET蛋白功能之间的关系，包括已知功能和潜在功能。最后，我们强调了具有多种翻译后修饰的序列基序发挥了独特的功能，并且不同的选择压力导致序列基序的不同排列，从而导致了不同的旁系同源物和同工型。