Advances in molecular biology have improved crops through transferring genes from one organism to new hosts, and these efforts have raised concerns about potential unexpected outcomes. Here, we provide evidence that a gene with a specific function in one organism can yield completely different effects in a new host. CaRZFP1 is a C3HC4-type RING zinc finger protein gene previously isolated from a cDNA library for heat-stressed hot pepper. In our previous work investigating in vivo CaRZFP1 function, we transferred CaRZFP1 into tobacco; transgenic tobacco exhibited enhanced growth and tolerance to abiotic stresses. As further analysis of CaRZFP1 ectopic expression in a heterologous host plant, here we mobilized and constitutively overexpressed CaRZFP1 in lettuce. In contrast to tobacco, transgenic lettuce exhibited poorer growth and delayed flowering compared with vector-only controls. To identify genes that might be involved in this phenotypic effect, transcriptome analyses on transgenic plants of both species were performed, uncovering dozens of genes that reflect the different outcomes between tobacco and lettuce. These included protein kinase, transcriptional factor, transporter protein, hormone and metabolism-related genes, and some unannotated genes. The opposite effects of CaRZFP1 ectopic expression in lettuce and tobacco address concerns of unexpectedly different outcomes in different host species.

中文翻译：

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辣椒的异位RING锌指基因在生菜和烟草中诱导出完全不同的基因。

分子生物学的进步通过将基因从一种生物体转移到新宿主中而改善了农作物，这些努力引起了人们对潜在意外结果的担忧。在这里，我们提供的证据表明，在一种生物中具有特定功能的基因可以在新宿主中产生完全不同的作用。CaRZFP1是一个C3HC4型RING锌指蛋白基因，以前是从热应激辣椒的cDNA文库中分离出来的。在我们先前研究体内CaRZFP1功能的工作中，我们将CaRZFP1转移到了烟草中。转基因烟草表现出增强的生长和对非生物胁迫的耐受性。作为对异源宿主植物中CaRZFP1异位表达的进一步分析，在这里，我们动员并在莴苣中组成型过表达CaRZFP1。与烟草相反，与仅使用载体的对照相比，转基因生菜表现出较差的生长和开花延迟。为了鉴定可能与这种表型效应有关的基因，对两个物种的转基因植物进行了转录组分析，发现了数十个反映烟草和生菜结果不同的基因。这些包括蛋白激酶，转录因子，转运蛋白，激素和代谢相关基因，以及一些未注释的基因。CaRZFP1异位表达在生菜和烟草中的相反作用解决了不同宿主物种中意想不到的不同结果的担忧。发现了数十种反映烟草和生菜结果不同的基因。这些包括蛋白激酶，转录因子，转运蛋白，激素和代谢相关基因，以及一些未注释的基因。CaRZFP1异位表达在生菜和烟草中的相反作用解决了不同宿主物种中意想不到的不同结果的担忧。发现了数十种反映烟草和生菜结果不同的基因。这些包括蛋白激酶，转录因子，转运蛋白，激素和代谢相关基因，以及一些未注释的基因。CaRZFP1异位表达在生菜和烟草中的相反作用解决了不同宿主物种中意想不到的不同结果的担忧。