One of the primary purposes of pine cones is the protection and distant dispersal of pine seeds. Pine cones open and release their embedded seeds on dry and windy days for long-distance dispersal. In this study, how the pine seeds attach to/detach from the pine cone scale for efficient seed dispersal was experimentally investigated by using an X-ray micro-imaging technique. The cone and seeds adhere to each other in the presence of water, which could be explained by the surface tension and the contact angle hysteresis. Otherwise, without water, the waterproof seed wing surface permits rapid drying for detach and dispersion. On the other hand, during wildfires, pine cones open their seed racks and detach the pine seeds from pine cones for rapid seed dispersal. Due to these structural advantages, pine seeds are released safely and efficiently in normal conditions. These advantageous structures could be mimicked in practical applications.

松果的主要目的之一是对松树种子的保护和远距离传播。松果在干燥和大风天打开并释放其嵌入的种子，以进行长距离分散。在这项研究中，通过使用X射线微成像技术，实验研究了松树种子如何附着在松果鳞片上或从松果鳞片上脱落，从而实现有效的种子分散。锥体和种子在有水的情况下彼此粘附，这可以用表面张力和接触角滞后解释。否则，在没有水的情况下，防水的种子机翼表面可以快速干燥以分离和分散。另一方面，在野火期间，松果会打开它们的种子架，并从松果中分离出松子，以便迅速散播种子。由于这些结构优势，在正常情况下，松树种子可以安全有效地释放。在实际应用中可以模仿这些有利的结构。