Bottom-up models of life satisfaction are based on the assumption that individuals judge the overall quality of their lives by aggregating information across various life domains, such as health, family, and income. This aggregation supposedly involves a weighting procedure because individuals care about different parts of their lives to varying degrees. Thus, composite measures of well-being should be more accurate if domain satisfaction scores are weighted by the importance that respondents assign to the respective domains. Previous studies have arrived at mixed conclusions about whether such a procedure actually works. In the present study, importance weighting was investigated in the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID; N = 5,049). Both weighted composite scores and moderated regression analyses converged in producing the conclusion that individual importance weights did not result in higher correlations with the outcome variable, a global measure of life satisfaction. By contrast, using weights that vary normatively across domains (e.g., assigning a larger weight to family satisfaction than to housing satisfaction for all respondents) significantly increased the correlation with global life satisfaction (although incremental validity was rather humble). These results converge with findings from other fields such as self-concept research, where evidence for individual importance weighting seems elusive as best.

中文翻译：

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域满意度评级的个人重要性加权不会增加有效性。

自下而上的生活满意度模型基于以下假设：个人通过汇总各个生命领域（例如健康，家庭和收入）的信息来判断整体生活质量。据推测，这种汇总涉及加权过程，因为个人在不同程度上关心生活的不同部分。因此，如果域满意度得分由受访者分配给各个域的重要性加权，则幸福感的综合测度应更为准确。先前的研究对这种程序是否确实有效得出了不同的结论。在本研究中，重要性加权在收入动态小组研究中进行了调查（PSID； N = 5,049）。加权综合评分和适度回归分析都可以得出结论，即个人重要性权重不会与结果变量（生活满意度的整体衡量指标）产生更高的相关性。相比之下，使用跨域规范性变化的权重（例如，为所有受访者分配比家庭满意度更大的权重给家庭满意度）显着增加了与整体生活满意度的相关性（尽管增量效度相当低）。这些结果与其他领域（例如自我概念研究）的发现相吻合，在这些领域中，对个人重要性加权的证据似乎是最好的。使用跨域规范性变化的权重（例如，为所有受访者分配比家庭满意度更大的权重给家庭满意度）显着提高了与整体生活满意度的相关性（尽管增量效度相当低）。这些结果与其他领域（例如自我概念研究）的发现相吻合，在这些领域中，对个人重要性加权的证据似乎是最好的。使用跨域规范性变化的权重（例如，为所有受访者分配比家庭满意度更大的权重给家庭满意度）显着增加了与整体生活满意度的相关性（尽管增量效度相当低）。这些结果与其他领域（例如自我概念研究）的发现相吻合，在这些领域中，对个人重要性加权的证据似乎是最好的。