BACKGROUND Interference resolution refers to cognitive control processes enabling one to focus on task-related information while filtering out unrelated information. But the exact neural areas, which underlie a specific cognitive task on interference resolution, are still equivocal. The multi-source interference task (MSIT), as a particular cognitive task, is a well-established experimental paradigm used to evaluate interference resolution. Studies combining the MSIT with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have shown that the MSIT evokes the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and cingulate-frontal-parietal cognitive-attentional networks. However, these brain areas have not been evaluated quantitatively and these findings have not been replicated. METHODS In the current study, we firstly report a voxel-based meta-analysis of functional brain activation associated with the MSIT so as to identify the localization of interference resolution in such a specific cognitive task. Articles on MSIT-related fMRI published between 2003 and July 2017 were eligible. The electronic databases searched included PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar. Differential BOLD activation patterns between the incongruent and congruent condition were meta-analyzed in anisotropic effect-size signed differential mapping software. RESULTS Robustness meta-analysis indicated that two significant activation clusters were shown to have reliable functional activity in comparisons between incongruent and congruent conditions. The first reliable activation cluster, which included the dACC, medial prefrontal cortex, supplementary motor area, replicated the previous MSIT-related fMRI study results. Furthermore, we found another reliable activation cluster comprising areas of the right insula, right inferior frontal gyrus, and right lenticular nucleus-putamen, which were not typically discussed in previous MSIT-related fMRI studies. CONCLUSIONS The current meta-analysis study presents the reliable brain activation patterns on MSIT. These findings suggest that the cingulate-frontal-striatum network and right insula may allow control demands to resolve interference on MSIT. These results provide new insights into the neural mechanisms underlying interference resolution.

中文翻译：

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多源干扰任务中干扰解决的神经相关：功能神经影像学研究的荟萃分析。

背景技术干扰解决是指认知控制过程，该过程使人们能够专注于与任务相关的信息，同时过滤掉无关的信息。但是，作为解决干扰的特定认知任务基础的确切神经区域仍然是模棱两可的。作为一种特殊的认知任务，多源干扰任务（MSIT）是一种成熟的实验范式，用于评估干扰解决方案。将MSIT与功能磁共振成像（fMRI）结合进行的研究表明，MSIT唤起了背侧扣带前皮质（dACC）和扣带-顶叶-顶叶认知注意网络。但是，尚未对这些大脑区域进行定量评估，也未复制这些发现。方法在目前的研究中，我们首先报告了与MSIT相关的功能性大脑激活的基于体素的荟萃分析，以识别这种特定认知任务中干扰消退的定位。在2003年至2017年7月之间发表的有关MSIT相关功能磁共振成像的文章均符合条件。搜索的电子数据库包括PubMed，Web of Knowledge和Google Scholar。在各向异性效应大小的有符号差分映射软件中对不一致和一致条件之间的差异BOLD激活模式进行了荟萃分析。结果健壮性荟萃分析表明，在不一致条件和一致条件之间进行比较时，显示出两个重要的激活簇具有可靠的功能活性。第一个可靠的激活簇，包括dACC，内侧前额叶皮层，辅助运动区，复制了以前MSIT相关的功能磁共振成像研究结果。此外，我们发现了另一个可靠的激活簇，包括右岛，右下额回和右突状核-丘脑区域，这些在先前与MSIT相关的功能磁共振成像研究中通常没有讨论。结论当前的荟萃分析研究提出了MSIT上可靠的大脑激活模式。这些发现表明扣带状额叶纹状体网络和右岛可以允许控制要求解决对MSIT的干扰。这些结果提供了对解决干扰的神经机制的新见解。在先前与MSIT相关的功能磁共振成像研究中通常没有讨论这些内容。结论当前的荟萃分析研究提出了MSIT上可靠的大脑激活模式。这些发现表明扣带状额叶纹状体网络和右岛可以允许控制要求解决对MSIT的干扰。这些结果提供了对解决干扰的神经机制的新见解。在先前与MSIT相关的功能磁共振成像研究中通常没有讨论这些内容。结论当前的荟萃分析研究提出了MSIT上可靠的大脑激活模式。这些发现表明扣带状额叶纹状体网络和右岛可以允许控制要求解决对MSIT的干扰。这些结果提供了对解决干扰的神经机制的新见解。