Electrode arrays interfacing with peripheral nerves are essential for neuromodulation devices targeting peripheral organs to relieve symptoms. To modulate (i.e., single-unit recording and stimulating) individual peripheral nerve axons remains a technical challenge. Here, we report an in vitro setup to allow simultaneous single-unit recordings from multiple mouse sciatic nerve axons. The sciatic nerve (~30 mm) was harvested and transferred to a tissue chamber, the ~5mm distal end pulled into an adjacent recording chamber filled with paraffin oil. A custom-built multi-wire electrode array was used to interface with split fine nerve filaments. Single-unit action potentials were evoked by electrical stimulation and recorded from 186 axons, of which 49.5% were classed A-type with conduction velocities (CV) greater than 1 m/s and 50.5% were C-type (CV < 1 m/s). The single-unit recordings had no apparent bias towards A- or C-type axons, were robust and repeatable for over 60 minutes, and thus an ideal opportunity to assess different neuromodulation strategies targeting peripheral nerves. For instance, ultrasonic modulation of action potential transmission was assessed using the setup, indicating increased nerve conduction velocity following ultrasound stimulus. This setup can also be used to objectively assess the design of next-generation electrode arrays interfacing with peripheral nerves.

中文翻译：

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小鼠坐骨神经动作电位的体外多通道单单元记录

与外周神经接口的电极阵列对于靶向外周器官以缓解症状的神经调节装置是必不可少的。调制（即​​单单元记录和刺激）单个外周神经轴突仍然是一个技术挑战。在这里，我们报告了一种体外设置，以允许从多个小鼠坐骨神经轴突同时进行单单位记录。坐骨神经（~30 毫米）被收获并转移到组织室，~5 毫米的远端被拉入相邻的充满石蜡油的记录室。定制的多线电极阵列用于与分裂的细神经丝连接。单单位动作电位由电刺激诱发并记录自 186 个轴突，其中 49.5% 为 A 型，传导速度 (CV) 大于 1 m/s 和 50。5% 为 C 型（CV < 1 m/s）。单单元记录没有明显偏向 A 型或 C 型轴突，在 60 分钟内稳定且可重复，因此是评估针对外周神经的不同神经调节策略的理想机会。例如，使用该设置评估了动作电位传输的超声调制，表明超声刺激后神经传导速度增加。此设置还可用于客观评估与周围神经接口的下一代电极阵列的设计。使用该设置评估动作电位传输的超声调制，表明超声刺激后神经传导速度增加。此设置还可用于客观评估与周围神经接口的下一代电极阵列的设计。使用该装置评估动作电位传输的超声调制，表明超声刺激后神经传导速度增加。此设置还可用于客观评估与周围神经接口的下一代电极阵列的设计。