Abstract Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has become a powerful technique for trace analysis of biomolecules. The use of SERS-tags has evolved into clinical diagnostics; the enhancement of the intrinsic signal of biomolecules on SERS active materials shows tremendous promise for the analysis of biomolecules and potential biomedical assays. The detection of the de novo signal from a wide range of biomolecules has been reported to date. In this review, we examine different classes of biomolecules for the signals observed and experimental details that enable their detection. In particular, we survey nucleic acids, amino acids, peptides, proteins, metabolites, and pathogens. The signals observed show that the interaction of the biomolecule with the enhancing nanostructure has a significant influence on the observed spectrum. Additional experiments demonstrate that internal standards can correct for intensity fluctuations and provide quantitative analysis. Experimental methods that control the interaction at the surface are providing for reproducible SERS signals. Results suggest that combining advances in methodology with the development of libraries for SERS spectra may enable the characterization of biomolecules complementary to other existing methods.

中文翻译：

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表面增强拉曼光谱的生物分析应用：从头分子鉴定

摘要 表面增强拉曼散射 (SERS) 已成为一种强大的生物分子痕量分析技术。SERS 标签的使用已经演变成临床诊断；SERS 活性材料上生物分子固有信号的增强显示了生物分子分析和潜在生物医学分析的巨大前景。迄今为止，已经报道了从广泛的生物分子中检测到的 de novo 信号。在这篇综述中，我们检查了不同类别的生物分子观察到的信号和能够检测到的实验细节。特别是，我们调查核酸、氨基酸、肽、蛋白质、代谢物和病原体。观察到的信号表明生物分子与增强纳米结构的相互作用对观察到的光谱有显着影响。其他实验表明，内标可以校正强度波动并提供定量分析。控制表面相互作用的实验方法提供了可重现的 SERS 信号。结果表明，将方法学上的进步与 SERS 光谱库的开发相结合，可以对与其他现有方法互补的生物分子进行表征。