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Understanding Key Mechanisms of Exercise-Induced Cardiac Protection to Mitigate Disease: Current Knowledge and Emerging Concepts.
Physiological Reviews ( IF 33.6 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-20 , DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00043.2016
Bianca C Bernardo 1 , Jenny Y Y Ooi 1 , Kate L Weeks 1 , Natalie L Patterson 1 , Julie R McMullen 1
Affiliation  

The benefits of exercise on the heart are well recognized, and clinical studies have demonstrated that exercise is an intervention that can improve cardiac function in heart failure patients. This has led to significant research into understanding the key mechanisms responsible for exercise-induced cardiac protection. Here, we summarize molecular mechanisms that regulate exercise-induced cardiac myocyte growth and proliferation. We discuss in detail the effects of exercise on other cardiac cells, organelles, and systems that have received less or little attention and require further investigation. This includes cardiac excitation and contraction, mitochondrial adaptations, cellular stress responses to promote survival (heat shock response, ubiquitin-proteasome system, autophagy-lysosomal system, endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response, DNA damage response), extracellular matrix, inflammatory response, and organ-to-organ crosstalk. We summarize therapeutic strategies targeting known regulators of exercise-induced protection and the challenges translating findings from bench to bedside. We conclude that technological advancements that allow for in-depth profiling of the genome, transcriptome, proteome and metabolome, combined with animal and human studies, provide new opportunities for comprehensively defining the signaling and regulatory aspects of cell/organelle functions that underpin the protective properties of exercise. This is likely to lead to the identification of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for heart disease.

中文翻译:

理解运动诱发的减轻心脏病的心脏保护的关键机制:当前知识和新兴概念。

锻炼对心脏的好处是众所周知的,临床研究表明锻炼是一种可以改善心力衰竭患者心功能的干预措施。这导致了对理解运动引起的心脏保护的关键机制的大量研究。在这里,我们总结了调节运动引起的心肌细胞生长和增殖的分子机制。我们将详细讨论运动对其他心脏细胞,细胞器和系统的影响,这些影响受到或多或少的关注,需要进一步研究。其中包括心脏兴奋和收缩,线粒体适应,促进生存的细胞应激反应(热休克反应,泛素-蛋白酶体系统,自噬-溶酶体系统,内质网未折叠蛋白反应,DNA损伤反应),细胞外基质,炎症反应和器官间串扰。我们总结了针对运动诱导保护的已知调节剂的治疗策略,以及将研究结果从实验台转变为床头的挑战。我们得出结论,允许对基因组,转录组,蛋白质组和代谢组进行深入分析的技术进步,再加上动物和人类研究,为全面定义支持保护特性的细胞/细胞器功能的信号传导和调控方面提供了新的机会运动。这可能导致鉴定新型生物标志物和心脏病的治疗靶标。我们总结了针对运动诱导保护的已知调节剂的治疗策略,以及将研究结果从实验台转变为床头的挑战。我们得出结论,允许对基因组,转录组,蛋白质组和代谢组进行深入分析的技术进步,再加上动物和人类研究,为全面定义支持保护特性的细胞/细胞器功能的信号传导和调控方面提供了新的机会运动。这可能导致鉴定新型生物标志物和心脏病的治疗靶标。我们总结了针对运动诱导保护的已知调节剂的治疗策略,以及将研究结果从实验台转变为床头的挑战。我们得出结论,允许对基因组,转录组,蛋白质组和代谢组进行深入分析的技术进步,再加上动物和人类研究,为全面定义支持保护特性的细胞/细胞器功能的信号传导和调控方面提供了新的机会运动。这可能导致鉴定新型生物标志物和心脏病的治疗靶标。与动物和人类研究相结合,为全面定义支持运动保护特性的细胞/细胞器功能的信号传导和调控方面提供了新的机会。这可能导致鉴定新型生物标志物和心脏病的治疗靶标。与动物和人类研究相结合,为全面定义支持运动保护特性的细胞/细胞器功能的信号传导和调控方面提供了新的机会。这可能导致鉴定新型生物标志物和心脏病的治疗靶标。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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