Interferons (IFNs) have been known as antiviral genes and they are classified by type 1, type 2, and type 3 IFN. The type 1 IFN consists of IFNα, IFNβ, IFNτ, and IFNω whereas the type 2 IFN consists of only IFNγ, which is a key cytokine driving T helper cell type 1 immunity. IFNλ belongs to the type 3 IFN, which is also known as IL-28 and IL-29 possessing antiviral activities. Type 1 IFN is produced by viral infection whereas type 2 IFN is induced by mitogenic or antigenic T-cell stimuli. The IFNτ of bovine was first discovered in an ungulate ruminant recognition hormone. IFNτ belongs to the type 1 IFN with the common feature of type 1 IFN such as antiviral activity. IFNs have been mostly studied for basic research and clinical usages therefore there was no effort to investigate IFNs in industrial animals. Here we cloned porcine IFNα8 from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of Korean domestic pig (Sus scrofa domestica). The newly cloned IFNα8 amino acid sequence from Korean domestic pig shares 98.4% identity with the known porcine IFNα8 in databank. The recombinant porcine IFNα8 showed potent antiviral activity and protected bovine Madin-Darby bovine kidney epithelial (MDBK) cells from the cytopathic effect of vesicular stomatitis virus, but it failed to protect human Wistar Institute Susan Hayflick (WISH) cells and canine Madin-Darby canine kidney epithelial-like (MDCK) cells. The present study demonstrates species specific antiviral activity of porcine IFNα8.

中文翻译：

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猪干扰素-α8 (IFNα8) 的物种特异性抗病毒活性

干扰素 (IFN) 被称为抗病毒基因，它们分为 1 型、2 型和 3 型干扰素。1 型 IFN 由 IFNα、IFNβ、IFNτ 和 IFNω 组成，而 2 型 IFN 仅由 IFNγ 组成，后者是驱动 T 辅助细胞 1 型免疫的关键细胞因子。IFNλ属于3型干扰素，也称为IL-28和IL-29，具有抗病毒活性。1 型干扰素由病毒感染产生，而 2 型干扰素由促有丝分裂或抗原性 T 细胞刺激诱导。牛的 IFNτ 最初是在有蹄类反刍动物识别激素中发现的。IFNτ属于1型干扰素，具有抗病毒活性等1型干扰素的共同特征。干扰素的研究主要用于基础研究和临床用途，因此没有努力研究工业动物中的干扰素。在这里，我们从韩国家猪 (Sus scrofadomestica) 的外周血单核细胞中克隆了猪 IFNα8。来自韩国家猪的新克隆的IFNα8氨基酸序列与数据库中已知的猪IFNα8具有98.4%的同一性。重组猪 IFNα8 显示出强大的抗病毒活性并保护牛 Madin-Darby 牛肾上皮 (MDBK) 细胞免受水泡性口炎病毒的细胞病变作用，但未能保护人类 Wistar Institute Susan Hayflick (WISH) 细胞和犬 Madin-Darby 犬肾上皮样 (MDCK) 细胞。本研究证明了猪 IFNα8 的物种特异性抗病毒活性。与数据库中已知的猪 IFNα8 有 4% 的一致性。重组猪 IFNα8 显示出强大的抗病毒活性并保护牛 Madin-Darby 牛肾上皮 (MDBK) 细胞免受水泡性口炎病毒的细胞病变作用，但未能保护人类 Wistar Institute Susan Hayflick (WISH) 细胞和犬 Madin-Darby 犬肾上皮样 (MDCK) 细胞。本研究证明了猪 IFNα8 的物种特异性抗病毒活性。与数据库中已知的猪 IFNα8 有 4% 的一致性。重组猪 IFNα8 显示出强大的抗病毒活性并保护牛 Madin-Darby 牛肾上皮 (MDBK) 细胞免受水泡性口炎病毒的细胞病变作用，但未能保护人类 Wistar Institute Susan Hayflick (WISH) 细胞和犬 Madin-Darby 犬肾上皮样 (MDCK) 细胞。本研究证明了猪 IFNα8 的物种特异性抗病毒活性。