Female ovulation depends on a surge in circulating luteinizing hormone (LH) which occurs at the end of the resting period and requests high circulating estradiol. This fine tuning involves both an estradiol feedback as an indicator of oocyte maturation, and the master circadian clock of the suprachiasmatic nuclei as an indicator of the time of the day. This review describes the mechanisms through which daily time cues are conveyed to reproductive hypothalamic neurons to time the pre-ovulatory surge. In female rodents, neurotransmitters released by the suprachiasmatic nuclei activate the stimulatory kisspeptin neurons and reduce the inhibitory RFRP neurons precisely at the end of the afternoon of proestrus to allow a full surge in LH secretion. From these findings, the impact of circadian disruptions (during shift or night work) on female reproductive performance and fertility should now being investigated in both animal models and humans.

中文翻译：

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每日节律是女性生育能力的关键。

女性排卵取决于循环黄体生成激素（LH）的激增，该激素在休息期结束时出现，并需要大量的循环雌二醇。这种微调既涉及雌二醇反馈作为卵母细胞成熟的指标，又涉及视交叉上核的主生物钟作为一天中时间的指标。这篇综述描述了将每日时间提示传达给生殖下丘脑神经元以计时排卵前时间的机制。在雌性啮齿动物中，视交叉上核释放的神经递质激活刺激性吻肽素神经元，并精确地在发情期下午结束时减少抑制性RFRP神经元，从而使LH分泌全面增加。从这些发现，