Phospholipase D (PLD) is an important phospholipid hydrolase that plays critical roles in various biological processes in eukaryotic cells. However, little is known about its functions in plant pathogenic fungi. In this study, we identified three FgPLD genes in Fusarium graminearum that are homologous to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Spo14 gene. We constructed deletion mutants of all three FgPLD genes using homologous recombination. Deletion of FgPLD1 (Δpld1), but not FgPLD2 or FgPLD3, affected hyphal growth, conidiation, and perithecium formation. The Δpld1 mutant showed reduced deoxynivalenol (DON) production and virulence in flowering wheat heads and corn silks. Furthermore, three FgPLD proteins have the same subcellular localization and localize to the cytoplasm in F. graminearum. Taken together, these results indicate that FgPLD1, but not FgPLD2 or FgPLD3, is important for hyphal growth, sexual or asexual reproduction, and plant infection.

中文翻译：

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三种FgPLD基因在调节禾谷镰刀菌发育和致病性中的差异作用。

磷脂酶D（PLD）是一种重要的磷脂水解酶，在真核细胞的各种生物学过程中起着至关重要的作用。然而，对其在植物病原真菌中的功能了解甚少。在这项研究中，我们确定了禾谷镰刀菌中的三个FgPLD基因，它们与酿酒酵母Spo14基因同源。我们使用同源重组构建了所有三个FgPLD基因的缺失突变体。FgPLD1（Δpld1）的删除，而不是FgPLD2或FgPLD3的删除，影响了菌丝的生长，分生和皮膜的形成。Δpld1突变体显示开花的麦穗和玉米丝中的脱氧雪腐烯醇（DON）产量和毒力降低。此外，三种FgPLD蛋白具有相同的亚细胞定位，并定位于禾谷镰刀菌的细胞质中。综上所述，这些结果表明FgPLD1，