Fungi are commonly encountered as part of a healthy oral ecosystem. Candida albicans is the most often observed and investigated fungal species in the oral cavity. The role of fungi in the oral ecosystem has remained enigmatic for decades. Recently, it was shown that C. albicans, in vitro, influences the bacterial composition of young oral biofilms, indicating it possibly plays a role in increasing diversity in the oral ecosystem. C. albicans favored growth of strictly anaerobic species under aerobic culture conditions. In the present study, the role of mitochondrial respiration, as mechanism by which C. albicans modifies its environment, was investigated. Using oxygen sensors, a rapid depletion of dissolved oxygen (dO2) was observed. This decrease was not C. albicans specific as several non-albicans Candida species showed similar oxygen consumption. Heat inactivation as well as addition of the specific mitochondrial respiration inhibitor Antimycin A inhibited depletion of dO2. Using 16S rDNA sequencing, it is shown that mitochondrial activity, more than physical presence of C. albicans is responsible for inducing growth of strictly anaerobic oral bacteria in aerobic growth conditions. The described mechanism of dO2 depletion may be a general mechanism by which fungi modulate their direct environment.

中文翻译：

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真菌线粒体耗氧量导致严格厌氧细菌的生长。

真菌通常是健康口腔生态系统的一部分。白色念珠菌是口腔中最常观察和研究的真菌种类。数十年来，真菌在口腔生态系统中的作用一直是谜。最近，有研究表明白色念珠菌在体外会影响年轻口腔生物膜的细菌组成，表明它可能在增加口腔生态系统的多样性中发挥作用。白色念珠菌支持在需氧培养条件下严格厌氧菌种的生长。在本研究中，研究了线粒体呼吸作为白色念珠菌修饰其环境的机制的作用。使用氧气传感器，观察到溶解氧（dO2）迅速耗尽。这种下降不是C。作为几种非白色念珠菌属物种的白色念珠菌显示出相似的耗氧量。热灭活以及添加特定的线粒体呼吸抑制剂抗霉素A可以抑制dO2的消耗。使用16S rDNA测序显示，线粒体的活性比白色念珠菌的物理存在还多，它在有氧生长条件下诱导了严格厌氧的口腔细菌的生长。所描述的dO2消耗机制可能是真菌调节其直接环境的一般机制。白色有氧菌负责在有氧生长条件下诱导严格厌氧的口腔细菌的生长。所描述的dO2消耗机制可能是真菌调节其直接环境的一般机制。白色有氧菌负责在有氧生长条件下诱导严格厌氧的口腔细菌的生长。所描述的dO2消耗机制可能是真菌调节其直接环境的一般机制。