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Francis Bacon and the Art–Nature Distinction
Ambix ( IF 0.5 ) Pub Date : 2007-07-01 , DOI: 10.1179/174582307x212332
Sophie Weeks 1
Affiliation  

Abstract Commentators generally expound Bacon's position on the art–nature relationship in terms of how much it retained or departed from traditional conceptions. This paper argues that an appreciation of the Baconian meaning of the terms "art" and "nature" requires a close examination of his wider cosmogonical speculations. Bacon's cosmogonical account moves from a state of unbridled chaos to the relatively stable system for which the term "nature" is normally used. The fundamental principle lying at the heart of Baconian cosmogony is an enriched and appetitive matter: eternal, unchanging, and the plenipotentiary source of all things. Successive limitations of matter's absolute power produced a lazy and habitual nature, which Bacon labelled "nature free." To shift nature from this otiose condition, the Baconian operator recapitulates the original binding of matter. Bacon designated the systematic procedures of binding nature the science of magic. Magic is Bacon's human counterpart to the original cosmogonical process that gave rise to the current system of nature. In Bacon's cosmogony, all possible worlds unfold out of matter: the function of art is to shake out nature's hidden folds. Hence, the distinction between naturalia and artificialia maps on to the distinction between actual and potential. Nature free is without purpose, but art — nature bound — knowingly brings into being an alternative nature designed for human utility.

中文翻译:

弗朗西斯·培根和艺术与自然的区别

摘要 评论家一般从保留或偏离传统观念的程度来阐述培根对艺术与自然关系的立场。本文认为,要理解“艺术”和“自然”这两个术语的培根意义,需要仔细研究他更广泛的宇宙论推测。培根的宇宙论解释从无节制的混乱状态转变为通常使用“自然”一词的相对稳定的系统。培根宇宙起源论的核心基本原则是丰富而诱人的物质:永恒不变的万物之源。物质绝对力量的连续限制产生了懒惰和习惯性的本性,培根将其称为“自然自由”。为了将自然从这种无足轻重的条件中转移出来,培根算子概括了物质的原始结合。培根将结合自然的系统程序指定为魔法科学。魔法是培根的人类对应物,它是产生当前自然系统的原始宇宙过程的对应物。在培根的宇宙起源论中,所有可能的世界都是从物质中展开的:艺术的功能是摆脱自然隐藏的褶皱。因此,naturalia 和artificialia 之间的区别映射到实际和潜在之间的区别。自然自由是没有目的的,但艺术——自然束缚——有意识地创造了一种为人类效用而设计的另类自然。魔法是培根的人类对应物,它是产生当前自然系统的原始宇宙过程的对应物。在培根的宇宙起源论中,所有可能的世界都从物质中展开:艺术的功能是摆脱自然隐藏的褶皱。因此,naturalia 和artificialia 之间的区别映射到实际和潜在之间的区别。自然自由是没有目的的,但艺术——自然束缚——有意识地创造了一种为人类效用而设计的另类自然。魔法是培根的人类对应物,它是产生当前自然系统的原始宇宙过程的对应物。在培根的宇宙起源论中,所有可能的世界都从物质中展开:艺术的功能是摆脱自然隐藏的褶皱。因此,naturalia 和artificialia 之间的区别映射到实际和潜在之间的区别。自然自由是没有目的的,但艺术——自然束缚——有意识地创造了一种为人类效用而设计的另类自然。自然和人工之间的区别映射到实际和潜在之间的区别。自然自由是没有目的的,但艺术——自然束缚——有意识地创造了一种为人类效用而设计的另类自然。自然和人工之间的区别映射到实际和潜在之间的区别。自然自由是没有目的的,但艺术——自然束缚——有意识地创造了一种为人类效用而设计的另类自然。
更新日期:2007-07-01
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