Reproductive development is a key step of the plant life cycles and indicates the start of a new life cycle. The reproductive organs including flower, fruit and seed, have diverse and complex structures, which is a syndrome in the evolution of angiosperms. The development of plant reproductive organs depends on the correct spatial and temporal expression of numerous genes acting in concert to form regulatory networks. Small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs) play a key role in the reproductive development through different modes of sequence-specific interaction with their targets. The sRNAs guide transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation to intensively integrate into the complex process. Next generation sequencing techniques (NGS) has greatly extended scientist's capabilities to identified and quantify sRNAs by supplying a massive of sequences. In turn this has led to a greater understanding of the many complex roles and interactions that sRNAs are involved with during reproductive development. In this review, we provide an overview of the biogenesis and classification of plant sRNAs, and summarize the recent progress in the understanding of plant sRNA in the flower, and fruit/seed development. Also, we discuss NGS approaches to profile global sRNA expression, as well as the application of sRNA-seq/degradome-seq approaches to identify novel sRNAs and verify their targets related to the above development processes.

中文翻译：

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下一代测序为植物生殖发育中的小 RNA 提供了新的思路。

生殖发育是植物生命周期的关键步骤，预示着新生命周期的开始。包括花、果实和种子在内的生殖器官结构多样而复杂，是被子植物进化过程中的一种综合征。植物生殖器官的发育依赖于众多基因在空间和时间上的正确表达，这些基因协同作用形成调控网络。小型非编码 RNA (sRNA) 通过与其靶标的不同序列特异性相互作用模式在生殖发育中发挥关键作用。sRNA 指导转录和转录后调控以深入整合到复杂的过程中。下一代测序技术 (NGS) 通过提供大量序列极大地扩展了科学家识别和量化 sRNA 的能力。反过来，这使人们对 sRNA 在生殖发育过程中所涉及的许多复杂角色和相互作用有了更深入的了解。在这篇综述中，我们概述了植物 sRNA 的生物发生和分类，并总结了对花中植物 sRNA 的理解以及果实/种子发育的最新进展。此外，我们讨论了分析全局 sRNA 表达的 NGS 方法，以及应用 sRNA-seq/degradome-seq 方法来识别新的 sRNA 并验证其与上述开发过程相关的目标。并总结了近期在花中植物sRNA的认识以及果实/种子发育方面的进展。此外，我们讨论了分析全局 sRNA 表达的 NGS 方法，以及应用 sRNA-seq/degradome-seq 方法来识别新的 sRNA 并验证其与上述开发过程相关的目标。并总结了近期在花中植物sRNA的认识以及果实/种子发育方面的进展。此外，我们讨论了分析全局 sRNA 表达的 NGS 方法，以及应用 sRNA-seq/degradome-seq 方法来识别新的 sRNA 并验证其与上述开发过程相关的目标。