Post-thymic naïve T cells constitute a key cellular arm of adaptive immunity, with a well-known characteristic of the specificity and robustness of responses to cognate foreign antigens which is presented as a form of antigen-derived peptides bound to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules by antigen-presenting cells (APCs). In a steady state, however, these cells are resting, quiescent in their activity, but must keep full ranges of functional integrity to mount rapid and robust immunity to cope with various infectious pathogens at any time and space. Such unique property of resting naïve T cells is not acquired in a default manner but rather requires an active mechanism. Although our understanding of exactly how this process occurs and what factors are involved remains incomplete, a particular role of self-recognition by T cells has grown greatly in recent years. In this brief review, we discuss recent data on how the interaction of T cells with self-peptide MHC ligands regulates their functional responsiveness and propose that variable strength of self-reactivity imposes distinctly different levels of functional competence and heterogeneity.

中文翻译：

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T 细胞的自我意识：自我识别在塑造幼稚 T 细胞功能能力中的作用

胸腺后幼稚 T 细胞构成适应性免疫的关键细胞臂，具有众所周知的特征，即对同源外来抗原的反应具有特异性和稳健性，该抗原以抗原衍生肽的形式与主要组织相容性复合体 (MHC) 结合。 ) 分子通过抗原呈递细胞 (APC)。然而，在稳定状态下，这些细胞处于静止状态，其活动处于静止状态，但必须保持全方位的功能完整性，以建立快速而强大的免疫力，以随时随地应对各种传染性病原体。静息幼稚 T 细胞的这种独特特性不是以默认方式获得的，而是需要一种主动机制。虽然我们对这个过程究竟是如何发生的以及涉及哪些因素的理解仍然不完整，近年来，T 细胞自我识别的特殊作用得到了极大的发展。在这篇简短的综述中，我们讨论了关于 T 细胞与自身肽 MHC 配体的相互作用如何调节其功能反应的最新数据，并提出可变强度的自我反应强加了明显不同水平的功能能力和异质性。