Neural tissue engineers are exploiting key mechanisms responsible for neural cell migration and axonal path finding during embryonic development to create living scaffolds for neuroregeneration following injury and disease. These mechanisms involve the combined use of haptotactic, chemotactic, and mechanical cues to direct cell movement and re-growth. Living scaffolds provide these cues through the use of cells engineered in a predefined architecture, generally in combination with biomaterial strategies. Although several hurdles exist in the implementation of living regenerative scaffolds, there are considerable therapeutic advantages to using living cells in conjunction with biomaterials. The leading contemporary living scaffolds for neurorepair are utilizing aligned glial cells and neuronal/axonal tracts to direct regenerating axons across damaged tissue to appropriate targets, and in some cases to directly replace the function of lost cells. Future advances in technology, including the use of exogenous stimulation and genetically engineered stem cells, will further the potential of living scaffolds and drive a new era of personalized medicine for neuroregeneration.

中文翻译：

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用于神经再生的活动支架。

神经组织工程师正在开发负责胚胎发育过程中神经细胞迁移和轴突路径寻找的关键机制，以创建用于损伤和疾病后神经再生的活体支架。这些机制涉及触觉，趋化和机械提示的组合使用，以指导细胞的运动和重新生长。活体支架通常通过与生物材料策略结合使用通过以预定架构改造的细胞来提供这些提示。尽管在实现活体再生支架方面存在一些障碍，但是将活细胞与生物材料结合使用具有相当大的治疗优势。当代用于神经修复的主要活细胞支架利用对齐的神经胶质细胞和神经元/轴突束将再生的轴突穿过受损组织引导至适当的靶标，在某些情况下直接替代丢失的细胞的功能。未来技术的进步，包括使用外源性刺激和基因工程干细胞，将进一步增强活体支架的潜力，并推动神经再生个性化医学的新时代。