A symbiotic relationship between humans and the microbiota is critical for the maintenance of our health, including development of the immune system, enhancement of the epithelial barrier, and acquisition of nutrients. Recent research has shown that the microbiota impacts immune cell development and differentiation. These findings suggest that the microbiota may also influence adjuvant and vaccine efficacy. Indeed, several factors such as malnutrition and poor sanitation, which affect gut microbiota composition, impair the efficacy of vaccines. Although there is little evidence that microbiota alters vaccine efficacy, further understanding of human immune system-microbiota interactions may lead to the effective development of adjuvants and vaccines for the treatment of diseases.

中文翻译：

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微生物群影响疫苗和粘膜佐剂的功效

人类与微生物群之间的共生关系对于维持我们的健康至关重要，包括免疫系统的发育、上皮屏障的增强和营养物质的获取。最近的研究表明，微生物群会影响免疫细胞的发育和分化。这些发现表明微生物群也可能影响佐剂和疫苗的功效。事实上，营养不良和卫生条件差等影响肠道微生物群组成的几个因素会削弱疫苗的功效。尽管几乎没有证据表明微生物群会改变疫苗效力，但进一步了解人体免疫系统-微生物群相互作用可能会导致有效开发用于治疗疾病的佐剂和疫苗。