Environmental pollution, global warming and climate change exacerbate the impact of biotic and abiotic stresses on plant growth and yield. Plants have evolved sophisticated defence network, also called innate immune system, in response to ever- changing environmental conditions. Significant progress has been made in identifying the key stress-inducible genes associated with defence response to single stressors. However, relatively little information is available on the signaling crosstalk in response to combined biotic/abiotic stresses. Recent evidence highlights the complex nature of interactions between biotic and abiotic stress responses, significant aberrant signaling crosstalk in response to combined stresses and a degree of overlap, but unique response to each environmental stimulus. Further, the results of simultaneous combined biotic and abiotic stress studies indicate that abiotic stresses particularly heat and drought enhance plant susceptibility to plant pathogens. It is noteworthy that global climate change is predicted to have a negative impact on biotic stress resistance in plants. Therefore, it is vital to conduct plant transcriptome analysis in response to combined stresses to identify general or multiple stress- and pathogen-specific genes that confer multiple stress tolerance in plants under climate change. Here, we discuss the recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of crosstalk in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Pinpointing both, common and specific components of the signaling crosstalk in plants, allows identification of new targets and development of novel methods to combat biotic and abiotic stresses under global climate change.

中文翻译：

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植物免疫系统：对生物和非生物反应之间的串扰强调了理解植物防御的缺失环节。

环境污染、全球变暖和气候变化加剧了生物和非生物胁迫对植物生长和产量的影响。植物已经进化出复杂的防御网络，也称为先天免疫系统，以应对不断变化的环境条件。在确定与对单一压力源的防御反应相关的关键压力诱导基因方面取得了重大进展。然而，关于响应组合的生物/非生物胁迫的信号串扰的信息相对较少。最近的证据强调了生物和非生物胁迫反应之间相互作用的复杂性、响应联合胁迫的显着异常信号串扰和一定程度的重叠，但对每种环境刺激的独特反应。更远，同时进行的生物和非生物胁迫联合研究的结果表明，非生物胁迫，特别是高温和干旱增强了植物对植物病原体的易感性。值得注意的是，预计全球气候变化将对植物的生物胁迫抗性产生负面影响。因此，针对联合胁迫进行植物转录组分析以识别在气候变化下赋予植物多种胁迫耐受性的一般或多种胁迫和病原体特异性基因至关重要。在这里，我们讨论了我们对响应生物和非生物胁迫的串扰分子机制的理解的最新进展。查明植物中信号串扰的常见和特定成分，