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Impacts of curatorial and research practices on the preservation of fossil hominid remains.
Journal of Anthropological Sciences ( IF 1.500 ) Pub Date : 2016-12-17 , DOI: 10.4436/jass.95002
Adeline Le Cabec 1 , Michel Toussaint 2
Affiliation  

Fossil remains are the only physical evidence of past forms of life which researchers can use to study the evolutionary biology of a species, especially regarding the human lineage. We review and consider the way in which the conditions surrounding a fossil's discovery and its use for scientific research impacts its long-term preservation. The deterioration of the body starts soon after death, continues in the sediments and only a subsample of the anatomical elements will persist and may finally be unearthed by archeologists. From their recovery onwards, fossil remains are exposed to many sources of further damage: from handling, restoration, measuring to invasive sampling. On the one hand, curators are faced with the inherent challenge of balancing their responsibility to protect fossil specimens with allowing researchers to perform specific analyses or invasive sampling detrimental to the preservation of the fossil. On the other hand, scientists may find their analyses complicated by multiple factors including taphonomy, or restoration techniques (e.g., consolidants, cleaning chemicals). We provide several historical examples illustrating the complex nature of the factors acting on fossil preservation. We discuss concerns about producing and sharing (digital) data from fossils. Finally, we also suggest and support some curatorial practices which maximize the traceability of treatments underwent by a fossil.

中文翻译:

策展和研究实践对人类化石遗体保存的影响。

化石遗迹是过去生命形式的唯一物理证据,研究人员可以用它来研究物种的进化生物学,尤其是关于人类谱系的进化生物学。我们审查并考虑围绕化石发现及其用于科学研究的条件如何影响其长期保存的方式。尸体的死亡在死亡后不久开始,并持续在沉积物中,只有解剖元素的一个子样本会持续存在,最终可能会被考古学家发现。从恢复开始,化石残骸就暴露于许多进一步的破坏源:从处理,修复,测量到侵入性采样。一方面,策展人面临着固有的挑战,即在平衡保护化石标本的责任与允许研究人员进行不利于化石保存的特定分析或侵入式采样之间取得平衡。另一方面,科学家可能会发现他们的分析受到多种因素的影响,包括拓扑学或修复技术(例如,固结剂,清洁化学品)。我们提供了几个历史例子,说明了影响化石保存的因素的复杂性质。我们讨论了有关从化石生产和共享(数字)数据的担忧。最后,我们还建议并支持一些策展做法,这些做法可以最大程度地化石化处理方法的可追溯性。科学家们可能会发现他们的分析由于多种因素而变得复杂,其中包括拓扑学或修复技术(例如,固结剂,清洁化学品)。我们提供了几个历史例子,说明了影响化石保存的因素的复杂性质。我们讨论了有关从化石生产和共享(数字)数据的担忧。最后,我们还建议并支持一些策展做法,这些做法可以最大程度地化石化处理方法的可追溯性。科学家们可能会发现他们的分析由于多种因素而变得复杂,其中包括拓扑学或修复技术(例如,固结剂,清洁化学品)。我们提供了几个历史例子,说明了影响化石保存的因素的复杂性质。我们讨论了有关从化石生产和共享(数字)数据的担忧。最后,我们还建议并支持一些策展做法,这些做法可以最大程度地化石化处理方法的可追溯性。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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