This paper presents a computational cognitive model for action awareness focusing on action preparation and performance by considering its cognitive effects and affects from both prior and retrospective form relative to the action execution. How action selection and execution contribute to the awareness or vice versa is a research question, and from the findings of brain imaging and recording techniques more information has become available on this. Some evidence leads to a hypothesis that awareness of action selection is not directly causing the action execution (or behaviour) but comes afterwards as an effect of unconscious processes of action preparation. In contrast, another hypothesis claims that both predictive and inferential processes related to the action preparation and execution may contribute to the conscious awareness of the action, and furthermore, this awareness of an action is a dynamic combination of both prior awareness (through predictive motor control processes) and retrospective awareness (through inferential sense-making processes) relative to the action execution. The proposed model integrates the findings of both conscious and unconscious explanations for both action awareness and ownership and acts as a generic computational cognitive model to explain agent behaviour through the interplay between conscious and unconscious processes. Validation of the proposed model is achieved through simulations on suitable scenarios which are covered with actions that are prepared without being conscious at any point in time, and also with the actions that agent develops prior awareness and/or retrospective awareness. Having selected an interrelated set of scenarios, a systematic approach is used to find a suitable but generic parameter value set which is used throughout all the simulations that highlights the strength of the design of this cognitive model.

中文翻译：

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行动意识的计算认知模型：先前和回顾。

本文提出了一种行动意识的计算认知模型，重点关注行动准备和执行，考虑其认知效果以及相对于行动执行的先前和回顾形式的影响。行动选择和执行如何促进意识或反之亦然是一个研究问题，并且从大脑成像和记录技术的发现中可以获得更多关于这方面的信息。一些证据得出这样的假设：行动选择的意识并不直接导致行动执行（或行为），而是随后作为行动准备的无意识过程的影响而出现。相比之下，另一种假设声称，与动作准备和执行相关的预测和推理过程都可能有助于对动作的自觉意识，而且，这种对动作的意识是先前意识的动态组合（通过预测性运动控制）过程）和与行动执行相关的回顾意识（通过推理的意义制定过程）。所提出的模型整合了对行动意识和所有权的有意识和无意识解释的发现，并充当通用计算认知模型，通过有意识和无意识过程之间的相互作用来解释代理行为。所提出的模型的验证是通过对适当场景的模拟来实现的，这些场景涵盖了在任何时间点都没有意识地准备的动作，以及代理发展先验意识和/或回顾性意识的动作。选择一组相互关联的场景后，使用系统方法来找到合适但通用的参数值集，该参数值集在所有模拟中使用，突出了该认知模型设计的优势。