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Botanicals and Their Bioactive Phytochemicals for Women's Health.
Pharmacological Reviews ( IF 21.1 ) Pub Date : 2016-09-30 , DOI: 10.1124/pr.115.010843
Birgit M Dietz 1 , Atieh Hajirahimkhan 1 , Tareisha L Dunlap 1 , Judy L Bolton 2
Affiliation  

Botanical dietary supplements are increasingly popular for women's health, particularly for older women. The specific botanicals women take vary as a function of age. Younger women will use botanicals for urinary tract infections, especially Vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry), where there is evidence for efficacy. Botanical dietary supplements for premenstrual syndrome (PMS) are less commonly used, and rigorous clinical trials have not been done. Some examples include Vitex agnus-castus (chasteberry), Angelica sinensis (dong quai), Viburnum opulus/prunifolium (cramp bark and black haw), and Zingiber officinale (ginger). Pregnant women have also used ginger for relief from nausea. Natural galactagogues for lactating women include Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) and Silybum marianum (milk thistle); however, rigorous safety and efficacy studies are lacking. Older women suffering menopausal symptoms are increasingly likely to use botanicals, especially since the Women's Health Initiative showed an increased risk for breast cancer associated with traditional hormone therapy. Serotonergic mechanisms similar to antidepressants have been proposed for Actaea/Cimicifuga racemosa (black cohosh) and Valeriana officinalis (valerian). Plant extracts with estrogenic activities for menopausal symptom relief include Glycine max (soy), Trifolium pratense (red clover), Pueraria lobata (kudzu), Humulus lupulus (hops), Glycyrrhiza species (licorice), Rheum rhaponticum (rhubarb), Vitex agnus-castus (chasteberry), Linum usitatissimum (flaxseed), Epimedium species (herba Epimedii, horny goat weed), and Medicago sativa (alfalfa). Some of the estrogenic botanicals have also been shown to have protective effects against osteoporosis. Several of these botanicals could have additional breast cancer preventive effects linked to hormonal, chemical, inflammatory, and/or epigenetic pathways. Finally, although botanicals are perceived as natural safe remedies, it is important for women and their healthcare providers to realize that they have not been rigorously tested for potential toxic effects and/or drug/botanical interactions. Understanding the mechanism of action of these supplements used for women's health will ultimately lead to standardized botanical products with higher efficacy, safety, and chemopreventive properties.

中文翻译:

植物药及其生物活性植物化学物质对妇女健康的影响。

植物性膳食补充剂对于妇女的健康,尤其是老年妇女的健康日益普及。妇女服用的特定植物药随年龄的变化而变化。年轻的妇女将使用植物性药物治疗尿路感染,特别是在有功效的证据的情况下,尤其是越桔越桔(蔓越莓)。经前期综合征(PMS)的植物性膳食补充剂较少使用,并且尚未进行严格的临床试验。一些例子包括黄荆(Vitex agnus-castus)(栗),当归(当归),荚burn(Viburnum opulus / prunifolium)(cra皮和黑山楂)和姜(Zingiber officinale)(姜)。孕妇还使用生姜缓解恶心。哺乳期妇女的天然催乳剂包括胡芦巴(Trigonella foenum-graecum)和水飞蓟(Silybum marianum)。然而,缺乏严格的安全性和有效性研究。患有更年期症状的老年妇女越来越有可能使用植物药,特别是因为妇女健康倡议显示与传统激素疗法相关的乳腺癌风险增加。已针对Actaea / Cimicifuga racemosa(黑升麻)和Valeriana officinalis(缬草)提出了与抗抑郁药相似的血清素能机制。具有雌激素活性的可缓解更年期症状的植物提取物包括大豆(大豆),三叶草(红三叶草),葛根(葛根),Hum草(蛇麻草),甘草(甘草),大黄(Rhebarbb),山楂(Vitex agnus-)。栗(栗子),亚麻(亚麻),淫羊species(淫羊Epi,角质山羊杂草)和紫花苜蓿(苜蓿)。一些雌激素植物药也已显示出对骨质疏松症具有保护作用。这些植物药中的几种可能具有与激素,化学,炎性和/或表观遗传途径相关的其他乳腺癌预防作用。最后,尽管植物药被认为是自然安全的疗法,但对于妇女及其医疗保健提供者而言,重要的是要认识到,尚未对它们进行严格的潜在毒性作用和/或药物/植物药相互作用的测试。了解这些用于女性健康的补品的作用机理最终将导致标准化的植物产品具有更高的功效,安全性和化学预防特性。这些植物药中的几种可能具有与激素,化学,炎性和/或表观遗传途径相关的其他乳腺癌预防作用。最后,尽管植物药被认为是自然安全的疗法,但对于妇女及其医疗保健提供者而言,重要的是要认识到,尚未对它们进行严格的潜在毒性作用和/或药物/植物药相互作用的测试。了解这些用于女性健康的补品的作用机理最终将导致标准化的植物产品具有更高的功效,安全性和化学预防特性。这些植物药中的几种可能具有与激素,化学,炎性和/或表观遗传途径相关的其他乳腺癌预防作用。最后,尽管植物药被认为是自然安全的疗法,但对于妇女及其医疗保健提供者而言,重要的是要认识到,尚未对它们进行严格的潜在毒性作用和/或药物/植物药相互作用的测试。了解这些用于女性健康的补品的作用机理最终将导致标准化的植物产品具有更高的功效,安全性和化学预防特性。对于妇女及其医疗保健提供者而言,重要的是要认识到,他们尚未经过严格的潜在毒性作用和/或药物/植物药相互作用的测试。了解这些用于女性健康的补品的作用机理最终将导致标准化的植物产品具有更高的功效,安全性和化学预防特性。对于妇女及其医疗保健提供者而言,重要的是要认识到,他们尚未经过严格的潜在毒性作用和/或药物/植物药相互作用的测试。了解这些用于女性健康的补品的作用机理最终将导致标准化的植物产品具有更高的功效,安全性和化学预防特性。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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