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Someone to live for: effects of partner and dependent children on preventable death in a population wide sample from Northern Ireland.
Evolution and Human Behavior ( IF 5.1 ) Pub Date : 2015-01-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2014.07.008
Caroline Uggla 1 , Ruth Mace 1
Affiliation  

How to allocate resources between somatic maintenance and reproduction in a manner that maximizes inclusive fitness is a fundamental challenge for all organisms. Life history theory predicts that effort put into somatic maintenance (health) should vary with sex, mating and parenting status because men and women have different costs of reproduction, and because life transitions such as family formation alter the fitness payoffs from investing in current versus future reproduction. However, few tests of how such life history parameters influence behaviours closely linked to survival exist. Here we examine whether specific forms of preventable death (accidents/suicides, alcohol-related causes, and other preventable diseases) are predicted by marital status and dependent offspring in a modern developed context; that of Northern Ireland. We predict that men, non-partnered individuals and individuals who do not have dependent offspring will be at higher risk of preventable death. Running survival analyses on the entire adult population (aged 16-59, n = 927,134) controlling for socioeconomic position (SEP) and other potential confounds, we find that being single (compared to cohabiting/married) increases risk of accidental/suicide death for men (but not for women), whereas having dependent children is associated with lower risk of preventable mortality for women but less so for men. We also find that the protective effect of partners is larger for men with low SEP than for high SEP men. Findings support life history predictions and suggest that individuals respond to variation in fitness costs linked to their mating and parenting status.

中文翻译:

为之而活的人:伴侣和受抚养子女对北爱尔兰人口样本中可预防死亡的影响。

如何以最大化包容性适应性的方式在体细胞维持和繁殖之间分配资源是所有生物体面临的基本挑战。生活史理论预测,身体维持(健康)的努力应该随着性别、交配和育儿状况而变化,因为男性和女性的生育成本不同,而且因为家庭形成等生活转变会改变投资于当前和未来的健康回报再生产。然而,很少有关于这些生活史参数如何影响与生存密切相关的行为的测试。在这里,我们检查在现代发达的背景下,婚姻状况和受抚养的后代是否可以预测特定形式的可预防死亡(事故/自杀、酒精相关原因和其他可预防的疾病);北爱尔兰的那个。我们预测,男性、非伴侣个体和没有受抚养后代的个体发生可预防死亡的风险更高。对整个成年人群(16-59 岁,n = 927,134)进行生存分析,控制社会经济地位(SEP)和其他潜在的混淆因素,我们发现单身(与同居/已婚相比)会增加意外/自杀死亡的风险男性(但不是女性),而生育受抚养子女与女性可预防的死亡风险较低有关,而男性则较少。我们还发现,伴侣的保护作用对 SEP 低的男性比对 SEP 高的男性更大。研究结果支持生活史预测,并表明个体对与其交配和育儿状况相关的健康成本变化做出反应。非伴侣个人和没有受抚养后代的个人将面临更高的可预防死亡风险。对整个成年人群(16-59 岁,n = 927,134)进行生存分析,控制社会经济地位(SEP)和其他潜在的混淆因素,我们发现单身(与同居/已婚相比)会增加意外/自杀死亡的风险男性(但不是女性),而生育受抚养子女与女性可预防的死亡风险较低有关,而男性则较少。我们还发现,伴侣的保护作用对 SEP 低的男性比对 SEP 高的男性更大。研究结果支持生活史预测,并表明个体对与其交配和育儿状况相关的健康成本变化做出反应。非伴侣个人和没有受抚养后代的个人将面临更高的可预防死亡风险。对整个成年人口(16-59 岁,n = 927,134)进行生存分析,控制社会经济地位(SEP)和其他潜在的混淆因素,我们发现单身(与同居/已婚相比)会增加意外/自杀死亡的风险男性(但不是女性),而生育受抚养子女与女性可预防的死亡风险较低有关,而男性则较少。我们还发现,伴侣的保护作用对 SEP 低的男性比对 SEP 高的男性更大。研究结果支持生活史预测,并表明个体对与其交配和育儿状况相关的健康成本变化做出反应。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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