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Effect of Using 2 mm Voxels on Observer Performance for PET Lesion Detection
IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2016-06-01 , DOI: 10.1109/tns.2016.2518177
A Michael Morey 1 , Frédéric Noo 2 , Dan J Kadrmas 3
Affiliation  

Positron emission tomography (PET) images are typically reconstructed with an in-plane pixel size of approximately 4 mm for cancer imaging. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of using smaller pixels on general oncologic lesion-detection. A series of observer studies was performed using experimental phantom data from the Utah PET Lesion Detection Database, which modeled whole-body FDG PET cancer imaging of a 92 kg patient. The data comprised 24 scans over 4 days on a Biograph mCT time-of-flight (TOF) PET/CT scanner, with up to 23 lesions (diam. 6–16 mm) distributed throughout the phantom each day. Images were reconstructed with 2.036 mm and 4.073 mm pixels using ordered-subsets expectation-maximization (OSEM) both with and without point spread function (PSF) modeling and TOF. Detection performance was assessed using the channelized non-prewhitened numerical observer with localization receiver operating characteristic (LROC) analysis. Tumor localization performance and the area under the LROC curve were then analyzed as functions of the pixel size. In all cases, the images with ${\sim}{2}\;\hbox{mm}$ pixels provided higher detection performance than those with ${\sim}{4}\;\hbox{mm}$ pixels. The degree of improvement from the smaller pixels was larger than that offered by PSF modeling for these data, and provided roughly half the benefit of using TOF. Key results were confirmed by two human observers, who read subsets of the test data. This study suggests that a significant improvement in tumor detection performance for PET can be attained by using smaller voxel sizes than commonly used at many centers. The primary drawback is a 4-fold increase in reconstruction time and data storage requirements.

中文翻译:

使用 2 mm 体素对 PET 病变检测的观察者性能的影响

正电子发射断层扫描 (PET) 图像通常以约 4 毫米的平面内像素大小重建,用于癌症成像。这项工作的目的是评估使用较小像素对一般肿瘤病变检测的影响。使用来自犹他州 PET 病变检测数据库的实验体模数据进行了一系列观察者研究,该数据库模拟了 92 公斤患者的全身 FDG PET 癌症成像。数据包括使用 Biograph mCT 飞行时间 (TOF) PET/CT 扫描仪在 4 天内进行 24 次扫描,每天有多达 23 个病变(直径 6-16 毫米)分布在整个体模中。使用带和不带点扩散函数 (PSF) 建模和 TOF 的有序子集期望最大化 (OSEM) 以 2.036 毫米和 4.073 毫米像素重建图像。使用具有定位接收器操作特性 (LROC) 分析的通道化非预白化数值观察器评估检测性能。然后将肿瘤定位性能和 LROC 曲线下的面积作为像素大小的函数进行分析。在所有情况下,具有 ${\sim}{2}\;\hbox{mm}$ 像素的图像比具有 ${\sim}{4}\;\hbox{mm}$ 像素的图像提供了更高的检测性能。较小像素的改进程度大于 PSF 建模为这些数据提供的改进程度,并且提供了使用 TOF 大约一半的好处。关键结果得到了两名人类观察员的确认,他们阅读了测试数据的子集。这项研究表明,通过使用比许多中心常用的体素尺寸更小的体素尺寸,可以显着提高 PET 的肿瘤检测性能。
更新日期:2016-06-01
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