Thermal baths are unique aquatic environments combining a wide variety of natural and anthropogenic ecological factors, which also appear in their microbiological state. There is limited information on the microbiology of thermal baths in their complexity, tracking community shifts from the thermal wells to the pools. In the present study, the natural microbial community of well and pool waters in Gellért bath was studied in detail by cultivation-based techniques. To isolate bacteria, 10% R2A and minimal synthetic media (with "bath water") with agar-agar and gellan gum were used after prolonged incubation time; moreover, polyurethane blocks covered with media were also applied. Strains were identified by sequencing their 16S rRNA gene after grouping them by amplified rDNA restriction analysis. From each sample, the dominance of Alphaproteobacteria was characteristic though their diversity differed among samples. Members of Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Beta- and Gamma-proteobacteria, Deinococcus-Thermus, and Bacteroidetes were also identified. Representatives of Deinococcus-Thermus phylum appeared only in the pool water. The largest groups in the pool water belonged to the Tistrella and Chelatococcus genera. The most dominant member in the well water was a new taxon, its similarity to Hartmannibacter diazotrophicus as closest relative was 93.93%.

中文翻译：

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布达佩斯温泉浴场水的微生物学调查。

温泉浴是独特的水生环境，结合了多种自然和人为的生态因素，这些因素也以微生物状态出现。关于热浴池微生物学的复杂性的信息非常有限，它们跟踪从热井到水池的群落转移。在本研究中，通过基于栽培的技术详细研究了盖勒特浴池中井水和池水的天然微生物群落。为了分离细菌，在延长的孵育时间后，使用10％R2A和最少的合成培养基（带有“沐浴水”）和琼脂和吉兰糖胶。此外，还应用了覆盖有介质的聚氨酯嵌段。通过扩增的rDNA限制性分析将它们分组后，通过对它们的16S rRNA基因进行测序来鉴定菌株。从每个样本中 Alphaproteobacteria的优势是特征性的，尽管它们的多样性在样本中有所不同。还鉴定了放线菌，硬毛菌，β-和γ-变形杆菌，去球菌-嗜热菌和拟杆菌的成员。Deinococcus-Thermus phylum的代表仅出现在游泳池水中。池水中的最大类群属于Tistrella和Chelatococcus属。井水中最主要的成员是新的分类单元，它与重氮菌Hartmannibacter diazotrophicus的相似度为93.93％。池水中的最大类群属于Tistrella和Chelatococcus属。井水中最主要的成员是新的分类单元，它与重氮菌Hartmannibacter diazotrophicus的相似度为93.93％。池水中的最大类群属于Tistrella和Chelatococcus属。井水中最主要的成员是新的分类单元，它与重氮菌Hartmannibacter diazotrophicus的相似度为93.93％。