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Chemistry of bone mineral, based on the hypermineralized rostrum of the beaked whale Mesoplodon densirostris
American Mineralogist ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2014-04-01 , DOI: 10.2138/am.2014.4571
Zhen Li 1 , Jill D Pasteris 1
Affiliation  

Abstract Carbonate-substituted hydroxylapatite is the inorganic component in bone. The nanometer size of bone crystallites and their interweaving with subequal volumes of collagen fibrils make the chemical analysis of the bone mineral extremely difficult. The few chemical analyses that are available commonly were made on ashed bone, which, in addition to mineral, also includes chemical residues of collagen. For the present study, we chose the rostrum of the whale Mesoplodon densirostris. Its mineral content of up to 96 wt% makes it an ideal material for pursuing the chemistry of bioapatite within bone. Both bulk (X-ray fluorescence, thermogravimetry, and carbon analysis) and point analyses and element mapping (electron microprobe) were applied to this densest of bone materials. Its bioapatite has an average carbonate content of ~8 wt% and an average Ca/P atomic ratio of 1.7. The rostrum shows extremely low-concentration trace elements (Al, Si, Fe, Ti, and Sr) and some minor elements (K and Cl) as in typical bone materials. Homogeneity of elemental distribution is demonstrated in typical mineral-dominated areas within the rostrum sections except around a few vascular holes and vessels. The very good correlation between electron microprobe point analyses and the XRF bulk analyses of the rostrum indicate the latter to be a useful chemical model of bone mineral. The bulk analysis shows that the bioapatite in the rostrum has an average composition of (Ca8.40Mg0.20Na0.54) [(PO4)4.87(CO3)1.13](OH)0.87.

中文翻译:

骨矿物质化学,基于喙鲸 Mesoplodon densirostris 的超矿化讲台

摘要 碳酸盐取代羟基磷灰石是骨骼中的无机成分。骨微晶的纳米尺寸以及它们与不等体积的胶原纤维交织在一起,使得骨矿物质的化学分析变得极其困难。通常可用的少数化学分析是对骨灰进行的,除了矿物质外,还包括胶原蛋白的化学残留物。对于本研究,我们选择了鲸 Mesoplodon densirostris 的讲台。其矿物质含量高达 96 wt%,使其成为研究骨骼内生物磷灰石化学的理想材料。块体(X 射线荧光、热重分析和碳分析)和点分析和元素映射(电子微探针)都应用于这种密度最大的骨材料。其生物磷灰石的平均碳酸盐含量约为 8 wt%,平均 Ca/P 原子比为 1.7。讲台显示出极低浓度的微量元素(Al、Si、Fe、Ti 和 Sr)和一些微量元素(K 和 Cl),就像典型的骨材料一样。除少数血管孔和血管周围外,在讲台部分内典型的以矿物质为主的区域证明了元素分布的均匀性。电子微探针点分析与讲台的 XRF 整体分析之间非常好的相关性表明后者是一种有用的骨矿物质化学模型。整体分析表明,讲台中生物磷灰石的平均成分为(Ca8.40Mg0.20Na0.54) [(PO4)4.87(CO3)1.13](OH)0.87。和 Sr)和一些微量元素(K 和 Cl),如典型的骨材料。除少数血管孔和血管周围外,在讲台部分内典型的以矿物质为主的区域证明了元素分布的均匀性。电子微探针点分析与讲台的 XRF 整体分析之间非常好的相关性表明后者是一种有用的骨矿物质化学模型。整体分析表明,讲台中生物磷灰石的平均成分为(Ca8.40Mg0.20Na0.54) [(PO4)4.87(CO3)1.13](OH)0.87。和 Sr)和一些微量元素(K 和 Cl),如典型的骨材料。除少数血管孔和血管周围外,在讲台部分内典型的以矿物质为主的区域证明了元素分布的均匀性。电子微探针点分析与讲台的 XRF 整体分析之间非常好的相关性表明后者是一种有用的骨矿物质化学模型。整体分析表明,讲台中生物磷灰石的平均成分为(Ca8.40Mg0.20Na0.54) [(PO4)4.87(CO3)1.13](OH)0.87。电子微探针点分析与讲台的 XRF 整体分析之间非常好的相关性表明后者是一种有用的骨矿物质化学模型。整体分析表明,讲台中生物磷灰石的平均成分为(Ca8.40Mg0.20Na0.54) [(PO4)4.87(CO3)1.13](OH)0.87。电子微探针点分析与讲台的 XRF 整体分析之间非常好的相关性表明后者是一种有用的骨矿物质化学模型。整体分析表明,讲台中生物磷灰石的平均成分为(Ca8.40Mg0.20Na0.54) [(PO4)4.87(CO3)1.13](OH)0.87。
更新日期:2014-04-01
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