Abstract After the First World War, disabled British veterans returned home to an uncertain future of work. In addition to voluntary efforts, the government’s response to the national employment crisis – the National Scheme for Disabled Ex-Servicemen (commonly known as the King’s Roll) – was established in 1919 to encourage employers to hire a five per cent quota of disabled ex-servicemen. Historians have recently revisited the scheme, noting that in many cases the process was slow and fraught, with many disabled veterans facing the prospect of unemployment, yet few have paid attention to soldiers’ pre-war working backgrounds and the specific requests of British industries. This article focuses on British coalminers returning from war. What role was there in this national situation for an industry known for its own high rate of accident and injury? Although the King’s Roll made some attempt to find veterans specifically targeted jobs above and below ground according to their impairments, it proved unable to incorporate coalmining. Instead, many disabled ex-servicemen returned to the workplace and utilized their existing identities as miners to navigate the process. With the industry beginning to decline, many faced potential regression in job status, exploitation or unemployment. By shifting to an industry-specific focus, this case study explores the contested nature of work for disabled people after the First World War, and highlights the interrelation and importance of workplace identity for the returning disabled veteran.

中文翻译：

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第一次世界大战后的煤炭开采和国家残疾退伍军人计划

摘要 第一次世界大战后，英国的残疾退伍军人回到了不确定的未来工作岗位。除了自愿努力之外，政府对全国就业危机的反应——国家残疾退役军人计划（俗称国王卷）——成立于 1919 年，旨在鼓励雇主雇用 5% 的残疾退役军人配额。军人。历史学家最近重新审视了该计划，指出在许多情况下，这个过程缓慢而充满挑战，许多残疾退伍军人面临失业的前景，但很少有人关注士兵的战前工作背景和英国工业的具体要求。这篇文章关注的是从战争中归来的英国煤矿工人。对于一个以事故率和伤害率着称的行业来说，在这种全国性的情况下，它扮演什么角色？尽管 King's Roll 曾尝试根据退伍军人的残疾情况寻找专门针对地上和地下工作的退伍军人，但事实证明它无法纳入煤矿开采。取而代之的是，许多残疾退役军人返回工作场所，并利用他们现有的矿工身份来指导整个过程。随着该行业开始衰落，许多人面临着工作状态、剥削或失业的潜在倒退。通过转移到特定行业的焦点，本案例研究探讨了第一次世界大战后残疾人工作的竞争性质，并强调了工作场所身份对于返回的残疾退伍军人的相互关系和重要性。