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Human induced pluripotent stem cells for monogenic disease modelling and therapy.
World Journal of Stem Cells ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2016-4-27 , DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v8.i4.118
Paola Spitalieri 1 , Valentina Rosa Talarico 1 , Michela Murdocca 1 , Giuseppe Novelli 1 , Federica Sangiuolo 1
Affiliation  

Recent and advanced protocols are now available to derive human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) from patients affected by genetic diseases. No curative treatments are available for many of these diseases; thus, hiPSCs represent a major impact on patient' health. hiPSCs represent a valid model for the in vitro study of monogenic diseases, together with a better comprehension of the pathogenic mechanisms of the pathology, for both cell and gene therapy protocol applications. Moreover, these pluripotent cells represent a good opportunity to test innovative pharmacological treatments focused on evaluating the efficacy and toxicity of novel drugs. Today, innovative gene therapy protocols, especially gene editing-based, are being developed, allowing the use of these cells not only as in vitro disease models but also as an unlimited source of cells useful for tissue regeneration and regenerative medicine, eluding ethical and immune rejection problems. In this review, we will provide an up-to-date of modelling monogenic disease by using hiPSCs and the ultimate applications of these in vitro models for cell therapy. We consider and summarize some peculiar aspects such as the type of parental cells used for reprogramming, the methods currently used to induce the transcription of the reprogramming factors, and the type of iPSC-derived differentiated cells, relating them to the genetic basis of diseases and to their inheritance model.

中文翻译:

人类诱导的多能干细胞用于单基因疾病建模和治疗。

现在可获得最新和先进的方案,以从受遗传疾病影响的患者中衍生人诱导的多能干细胞(hiPSC)。对于这些疾病中的许多疾病,尚无治疗方法。因此,hiPSC对患者的健康产生了重大影响。对于细胞和基因治疗方案的应用,hiPSC代表了一种有效的模型,可用于对单基因疾病进行体外研究,并更好地理解病理的致病机制。而且,这些多能细胞代表了一个很好的机会来测试专注于评估新药的功效和毒性的创新药理学治疗方法。如今,正在开发创新的基因治疗方案,尤其是基于基因编辑的方案,不仅可以将这些细胞用作体外疾病模型,而且还可以用作组织再生和再生医学有用的无限细胞来源,从而避免了道德和免疫排斥问题。在这篇综述中,我们将通过使用hiPSCs和这些体外模型在细胞治疗中的最终应用,提供有关单基因疾病建模的最新信息。我们考虑并总结了一些特殊的方面,例如用于重编程的亲代细胞的类型,当前用于诱导重编程因子转录的方法以及iPSC衍生的分化细胞的类型,将它们与疾病的遗传基础相关联。他们的继承模型。我们将通过使用hiPSC以及这些体外模型在细胞治疗中的最终应用,提供有关单基因疾病建模的最新信息。我们考虑并总结了一些特殊的方面,例如用于重编程的亲代细胞的类型,当前用于诱导重编程因子转录的方法以及iPSC衍生的分化细胞的类型,将它们与疾病的遗传基础相关联。他们的继承模型。我们将通过使用hiPSC以及这些体外模型在细胞治疗中的最终应用,提供有关单基因疾病建模的最新信息。我们考虑并总结了一些特殊的方面,例如用于重编程的亲代细胞的类型,当前用于诱导重编程因子转录的方法以及iPSC衍生的分化细胞的类型,将它们与疾病的遗传基础相关联。他们的继承模型。
更新日期:2020-08-21
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