For more than 25 years, MDM2 and its homolog MDMX (also known as MDM4) have been shown to exert oncogenic activity. These two proteins are best understood as negative regulators of the p53 tumor suppressor, although they may have additional p53-independent roles. Understanding the dysregulation of MDM2 and MDMX in human cancers and how they function either together or separately in tumorigenesis may improve methods of diagnosis and for assessing prognosis. Targeting the proteins themselves, or their regulators, may be a promising therapeutic approach to treating some forms of cancer.

中文翻译：

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MDM2和MDMX在癌症中的作用。

25多年来，MDM2及其同系物MDMX（也称为MDM4）已显示出致癌活性。最好将这两种蛋白理解为p53肿瘤抑制因子的负调节剂，尽管它们可能具有其他不依赖p53的作用。了解人类癌症中MDM2和MDMX的失调以及它们在肿瘤发生中如何共同或分别起作用，可能会改善诊断方法和评估预后。靶向蛋白质本身或其调节剂可能是治疗某些形式癌症的有前途的治疗方法。