This meta-analysis investigates linguistic cues to deception and whether these cues can be detected with computer programs. We integrated operational definitions for 79 cues from 44 studies where software had been used to identify linguistic deception cues. These cues were allocated to six research questions. As expected, the meta-analyses demonstrated that, relative to truth-tellers, liars experienced greater cognitive load, expressed more negative emotions, distanced themselves more from events, expressed fewer sensory-perceptual words, and referred less often to cognitive processes. However, liars were not more uncertain than truth-tellers. These effects were moderated by event type, involvement, emotional valence, intensity of interaction, motivation, and other moderators. Although the overall effect size was small, theory-driven predictions for certain cues received support. These findings not only further our knowledge about the usefulness of linguistic cues to detect deception with computers in applied settings but also elucidate the relationship between language and deception.

中文翻译：

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计算机是有效的测谎仪吗？对欺骗的语言暗示进行荟萃分析。

这项荟萃分析调查了欺骗的语言提示，以及是否可以使用计算机程序检测到这些提示。我们整合了来自44个研究的79个线索的操作定义，其中使用软件来识别语言欺骗线索。这些线索被分配给六个研究问题。正如预期的那样，荟萃分析表明，相对于讲真话的人，说谎者承受更大的认知负担，表达更多的负面情绪，与事件保持更大的距离，表达更少的感官知觉单词，并且较少提及认知过程。但是，说谎者并没有比讲真话者更不确定。这些影响通过事件类型，参与程度，情感价，互动强度，动机和其他主持人来缓和。尽管整体效果很小，某些线索的理论驱动的预测得到了支持。这些发现不仅使我们进一步了解了语言线索在应用环境中检测计算机欺骗的有用性，而且阐明了语言与欺骗之间的关系。