In recent years, mass spectrometry has emerged as a core component of fundamental discoveries in virology. As a consequence of their coevolution, viruses and host cells have established complex, dynamic interactions that function either in promoting virus replication and dissemination or in host defense against invading pathogens. Thus, viral infection triggers an impressive range of proteome changes. Alterations in protein abundances, interactions, posttranslational modifications, subcellular localizations, and secretion are temporally regulated during the progression of an infection. Consequently, understanding viral infection at the molecular level requires versatile approaches that afford both breadth and depth of analysis. Mass spectrometry is uniquely positioned to bridge this experimental dichotomy. Its application to both unbiased systems analyses and targeted, hypothesis-driven studies has accelerated discoveries in viral pathogenesis and host defense. Here, we review the contributions of mass spectrometry-based proteomic approaches to understanding viral morphogenesis, replication, and assembly and to characterizing host responses to infection.

中文翻译：

---

基于质谱的蛋白质组学对病毒学基础发现的影响。

近年来，质谱已成为病毒学基础发现的核心组成部分。由于它们的共同进化，病毒和宿主细胞建立了复杂的动态相互作用，其相互作用既可以促进病毒的复制和传播，也可以对入侵的病原体进行宿主防御。因此，病毒感染触发了令人印象深刻的蛋白质组变化。在感染过程中，蛋白质的丰度，相互作用，翻译后修饰，亚细胞定位和分泌的改变在时间上受到调节。因此，在分子水平上了解病毒感染需要多种方法来提供分析的广度和深度。质谱仪的独特位置可桥接该实验二分法。它在无偏系统分析和有针对性的假设驱动研究中的应用加速了病毒发病机理和宿主防御的发现。在这里，我们回顾了基于质谱的蛋白质组学方法对理解病毒形态发生，复制和组装以及表征宿主对感染的反应的贡献。