Almost a century ago, the first clinical account of the punch-drunk syndrome emerged, describing chronic neurological and neuropsychiatric sequelae occurring in former boxers. Thereafter, throughout the twentieth century, further reports added to our understanding of the neuropathological consequences of a career in boxing, leading to descriptions of a distinct neurodegenerative pathology, termed dementia pugilistica. During the past decade, growing recognition of this pathology in autopsy studies of nonboxers who were exposed to repetitive, mild traumatic brain injury, or to a single, moderate or severe traumatic brain injury, has led to an awareness that it is exposure to traumatic brain injury that carries with it a risk of this neurodegenerative disease, not the sport or the circumstance in which the injury is sustained. Furthermore, the neuropathology of the neurodegeneration that occurs after traumatic brain injury, now termed chronic traumatic encephalopathy, is acknowledged as being a complex, mixed, but distinctive pathology, the detail of which is reviewed in this article.

中文翻译：

---

慢性创伤性脑病：创伤性脑损伤的神经病理学遗留。

大约一个世纪以前，出现了关于拳头醉酒综合征的第一个临床记录，描述了以前的拳击手中发生的慢性神经和神经精神科后遗症。此后，在整个20世纪，更多的报道使我们对拳击事业的神经病理学后果有了更深入的了解，从而导致了对一种独特的神经退行性病理学（称为痴呆痴呆症）的描述。在过去的十年中，对于接受反复，轻度颅脑外伤或单次，中度或重度颅脑外伤的非拳击手的尸检研究，对这种病理学的认识得到了越来越多的了解，这使人们认识到，它已暴露于颅脑外伤带有这种神经退行性疾病风险的伤害，而不是遭受伤害的运动或情况。此外，