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Nonlinear and stochastic dynamics in the heart
Physics Reports ( IF 30.0 ) Pub Date : 2014-10-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.physrep.2014.05.002
Zhilin Qu 1 , Gang Hu 2 , Alan Garfinkel 3 , James N Weiss 4
Affiliation  

In a normal human life span, the heart beats about 2 to 3 billion times. Under diseased conditions, a heart may lose its normal rhythm and degenerate suddenly into much faster and irregular rhythms, called arrhythmias, which may lead to sudden death. The transition from a normal rhythm to an arrhythmia is a transition from regular electrical wave conduction to irregular or turbulent wave conduction in the heart, and thus this medical problem is also a problem of physics and mathematics. In the last century, clinical, experimental, and theoretical studies have shown that dynamical theories play fundamental roles in understanding the mechanisms of the genesis of the normal heart rhythm as well as lethal arrhythmias. In this article, we summarize in detail the nonlinear and stochastic dynamics occurring in the heart and their links to normal cardiac functions and arrhythmias, providing a holistic view through integrating dynamics from the molecular (microscopic) scale, to the organelle (mesoscopic) scale, to the cellular, tissue, and organ (macroscopic) scales. We discuss what existing problems and challenges are waiting to be solved and how multi-scale mathematical modeling and nonlinear dynamics may be helpful for solving these problems.

中文翻译:

心脏中的非线性和随机动力学

在正常人的寿命中,心脏跳动大约 2 到 30 亿次。在患病情况下,心脏可能会失去正常节律并突然退化为更快和更不规则的节律,称为心律失常,这可能导致猝死。从正常节律到心律失常的转变,是心脏从规则的电波传导到不规则或湍流的波传导的转变,因此这个医学问题也是一个物理和数学问题。上个世纪,临床、实验和理论研究表明,动力学理论在理解正常心律和致死性心律失常的发生机制方面发挥着重要作用。在本文中,我们详细总结了心脏中发生的非线性和随机动力学及其与正常心脏功能和心律失常的联系,通过整合从分子(微观)尺度到细胞器(介观)尺度再到细胞的动力学,提供了一个整体观点,组织和器官(宏观)尺度。我们讨论了哪些现有问题和挑战有待解决,以及多尺度数学建模和非线性动力学如何有助于解决这些问题。
更新日期:2014-10-01
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