High amplitude theta wave bursts (HATs) were originally described during REMS and cataplexy in ORX-deficient mice as a novel neurophysiological correlate of narcolepsy (Bastianini et al., 2012). This finding was replicated the following year by Vassalli et al. in both ORX-deficient narcoleptic mice and narcoleptic children during cataplexy episodes (Vassalli et al., 2013). The relationship between HATs and narcolepsy-cataplexy in mice and patients indicates that the lack of ORX peptides is responsible for this abnormal EEG activity, the physiological meaning of which is still unknown. This review aimed to explore different phasic EEG events previously described in the published literature in order to find analogies and differences with HATs observed in narcoleptic mice and patients. We found similarities in terms of morphology, frequency and duration between HATs and several physiological (mu and wicket rhythms, sleep spindles, saw-tooth waves) or pathological (SWDs, HVSs, bursts of polyphasic complexes EEG complexes reported in a mouse model of CJD, and BSEs) EEG events. However, each of these events also shows significant differences from HATs, and thus cannot be equaled to them. The available evidence thus suggests that HATs are a novel neurophysiological phenomenon. Further investigations on HATs are required in order to investigate their physiological meaning, to individuate their brain structure(s) of origin, and to clarify the neural circuits involved in their manifestation.

中文翻译：

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高振幅θ波阵发：雷姆睡眠和脑瘫的一种新颖的脑电图特征。

高振幅θ波爆发（HATs）最初被描述为在REMS和ORX缺陷型小鼠中瘫痪时，是发作性睡病的一种新的神经生理相关性（Ba​​stianini et al。，2012）。第二年，Vassalli等人重复了这一发现。在脑瘫发作期间，ORX缺失的麻醉性小鼠和麻醉性儿童均出现这种情况（Vassalli等，2013）。HAT和发作性睡病在小鼠和患者中的关系表明，ORX肽的缺乏是造成这种异常EEG活性的原因，其生理学意义仍是未知的。这篇综述旨在探讨先前在出版的文献中描述的不同阶段性EEG事件，以发现与在麻醉性小鼠和患者中观察到的HAT的类比和差异。我们在形态上发现了相似之处，HATs与几种生理性（mu和wicke节律，睡眠纺锤，锯齿波）或病理性（SWD，HVS，多相复合物爆发的EEG复合物在CJD和BSEs小鼠模型中报道的EEG复合物）EEG事件之间的频率和持续时间。但是，这些事件中的每一个也显示出与HAT的显着差异，因此不能等同于它们。因此，现有证据表明HAT是一种新型的神经生理现象。需要进一步研究HAT，以研究其生理意义，区分其起源的大脑结构并阐明其表现所涉及的神经回路。在CJD和BSEs脑电图事件的小鼠模型中报道了多相复合物爆发。但是，这些事件中的每一个也显示出与HAT的显着差异，因此不能等同于它们。因此，现有证据表明HAT是一种新型的神经生理现象。需要进一步研究HAT，以研究其生理意义，区分其起源的大脑结构并阐明其表现所涉及的神经回路。在CJD和BSEs脑电图事件的小鼠模型中报道了多相复合物爆发。但是，这些事件中的每一个也显示出与HAT的显着差异，因此不能等同于它们。因此，现有证据表明HAT是一种新型的神经生理现象。需要进一步研究HAT，以研究其生理意义，区分其起源的大脑结构并阐明其表现所涉及的神经回路。