Surface ozone (O3) was analyzed to investigate the role of the bay breeze on air quality at two locations in Edgewood, Maryland (lat: 39.4°, lon: −76.3°) for the month of July 2011. Measurements were taken as part of the first year of NASA’s “Deriving Information on Surface Conditions from Column and Vertically Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality” (DISCOVER-AQ) Earth Venture campaign and as part of NASA’s Geostationary for Coastal and Air Pollution Events Chesapeake Bay Oceanographic campaign with DISCOVER-AQ (Geo-CAPE CBODAQ). Geo-CAPE CBODAQ complements DISCOVER-AQ by providing ship-based observations over the Chesapeake Bay. A major goal of DISCOVER-AQ is determining the relative roles of sources, photochemistry and local meteorology during air quality events in the Mid-Atlantic region of the U.S. Surface characteristics, transport and vertical structures of O3 during bay breezes were identified using in-situ surface, balloon and aircraft data, along with remote sensing equipment. Localized late day peaks in O3 were observed during bay breeze days, maximizing an average of 3 h later compared to days without bay breezes. Of the 10 days of July 2011 that violated the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 8 h O3 standard of 75 parts per billion by volume (ppbv) at Edgewood, eight exhibited evidence of a bay breeze circulation. The results indicate that while bay breezes and the processes associated with them are not necessary to cause exceedances in this area, bay breezes exacerbate poor air quality that sustains into the late evening hours at Edgewood. The vertical and horizontal distributions of O3 from the coastal Edgewood area to the bay also show large gradients that are often determined by boundary layer stability. Thus, developing air quality models that can sufficiently resolve these dynamics and associated chemistry, along with more consistent monitoring of O3 and meteorology on and along the complex coastline of Chesapeake Bay must be a high priority.

中文翻译：

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2011 年 7 月海湾微风对马里兰州埃奇伍德的表面臭氧的影响

2011 年 7 月，我们对表面臭氧 (O3) 进行了分析，以研究海湾微风对马里兰州埃奇伍德两个地点（纬度：39.4°，经度：-76.3°）空气质量的影响。美国宇航局“从与空气质量相关的柱状和垂直解析观测值中获取地表条件信息”(DISCOVER-AQ) 地球风险活动的第一年，也是美国宇航局与 DISCOVER-AQ 合作进行的海岸和空气污染事件地球同步运动的一部分(Geo-CAPE CBODAQ)。Geo-CAPE CBODAQ 通过提供对切萨皮克湾的船基观测来补充 DISCOVER-AQ。DISCOVER-AQ 的一个主要目标是确定源、光化学和当地气象学在美国表面特征的大西洋中部地区的空气质量事件中的相对作用，使用原位表面、气球和飞机数据以及遥感设备确定了海湾微风期间 O3 的运输和垂直结构。在海湾微风的日子里观察到 O3 的局部后期峰值，与没有海湾微风的日子相比，平均晚了 3 小时。在 2011 年 7 月的 10 天中，埃奇伍德违反了美国环境保护署 (EPA) 8 小时 O3 标准的十亿分之 75 (ppbv)，有八天表现出海湾微风环流的证据。结果表明，虽然海湾微风及其相关过程不是导致该地区超标的必要条件，但海湾微风加剧了埃奇伍德持续到深夜的恶劣空气质量。从沿海埃奇伍德地区到海湾的 O3 的垂直和水平分布也显示出很大的梯度，这通常是由边界层稳定性决定的。因此，开发能够充分解决这些动态和相关化学反应的空气质量模型，以及对切萨皮克湾复杂海岸线上和沿线的 O3 和气象进行更一致的监测，必须成为高度优先事项。