The identification of an ideal cell source for tissue regeneration remains a challenge in the stem cell field. The ability of progeny cells to differentiate into other cell types is important for the processes of tissue reconstruction and tissue engineering and has clinical, biochemical or molecular implications. The adaptation of stem cells from adipose tissue for use in regenerative medicine has created a new role for adipocytes. Mature adipocytes can easily be isolated from adipose cell suspensions and allowed to dedifferentiate into lipid-free multipotent cells, referred to as dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells. Compared to other adult stem cells, the DFAT cells have unique advantages in their abundance, ease of isolation and homogeneity. Under proper condition in vitro and in vivo, the DFAT cells have exhibited adipogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic, cardiomyogenc, angiogenic, myogenic, and neurogenic potentials. In this review, we first discuss the phenomena of dedifferentiation and transdifferentiation of cells, and then dedifferentiation of adipocytes in particular. Understanding the dedifferentiation process itself may contribute to our knowledge of normal growth processes, as well as mechanisms of disease. Second, we highlight new developments in DFAT cell culture and summarize the current understanding of DFAT cell properties. The unique features of DFAT cells are promising for clinical applications such as tissue regeneration.

中文翻译：

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去分化脂肪细胞：再生医学的细胞来源。

确定用于组织再生的理想细胞来源仍然是干细胞领域的挑战。后代细胞分化为其他细胞类型的能力对于组织重建和组织工程的过程很重要，并具有临床，生化或分子方面的意义。来自脂肪组织的干细胞适应用于再生医学已经为脂肪细胞创造了新的作用。成熟的脂肪细胞可以很容易地从脂肪细胞悬液中分离出来，并可以去分化为不含脂质的多能细胞，这被称为去分化脂肪（DFAT）细胞。与其他成年干细胞相比，DFAT细胞在其丰度，易于分离和同质性方面具有独特的优势。在适当的体外和体内条件下，DFAT细胞已显示出成脂，成骨，软骨生成，心肌生成，血管生成，肌生成和神经生成的潜力。在这篇综述中，我们首先讨论细胞的去分化和转分化现象，然后特别讨论脂肪细胞的去分化现象。了解去分化过程本身可能有助于我们了解正常的生长过程以及疾病机理。其次，我们重点介绍了DFAT细胞培养的新发展，并总结了当前对DFAT细胞特性的理解。DFAT细胞的独特功能有望用于临床应用，例如组织再生。了解去分化过程本身可能有助于我们了解正常的生长过程以及疾病机理。其次，我们重点介绍了DFAT细胞培养的新发展，并总结了当前对DFAT细胞特性的理解。DFAT细胞的独特功能有望用于临床应用，例如组织再生。了解去分化过程本身可能有助于我们了解正常的生长过程以及疾病机理。其次，我们重点介绍了DFAT细胞培养的新发展，并总结了当前对DFAT细胞特性的理解。DFAT细胞的独特功能有望用于临床应用，例如组织再生。