A recently developed synthetic amphiploid, Triticum timococcum Kost., nom. nud. (2n = 6x = 42, AtAtGGAmAm) is described in the present study. This hexaploid taxon was developed by colchicine treatment in Martonvásár from the hybrid of a selected accession of Triticum timopheevii Zhuk. (2n = 4x = 28, AtAtGG) and a prebred semi-dwarf line of Triticum monococcum L. (2n = 2x = 14, AmAm). A detailed cytomolecular examination was carried out using the sequential multicolour fluorescence and genomic in situ hybridization techniques (FISH and mcGISH). It was proved that T. timococcum has 42 chromosomes originating from its parents. The chromosomes of the A genomes of T. monococcum and T. timopheevii could be distinguished in the amphiploid using FISH. The successful discrimination of the chromosomes was supported by the karyotypes of the three genomes and the successful optimization of the mcGISH technique for the A and G chromosomes achieved in the present study. A phenotypic evaluation was also carried out under natural and artificial growing conditions in 2012 and 2013. Based on the results, T. timococcum has intermediate characteristics in terms of spike (spikelet) shape and plant height, while it is similar to the female parent, T. timopheevii regarding pubescence. Like its parents, T. timococcum showed outstanding resistance to the main fungal diseases of wheat. T. timococcum headed later and developed longer and looser spikes, fewer tillers and only a third as many seeds than its parents. The third generation of T. timococcum was able to develop an acceptable number of seeds, even taking into account the reduced germination ability in the field.

中文翻译：

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新型合成二倍体Triticum timococcum（AtAtGGAmAm）的分子细胞遗传学鉴定和表型描述。

最近开发的合成二倍体，Triticum timococcum Kost。，nom。裸体 在本研究中描述了（2n = 6x = 42，AtAtGGAmAm）。该六倍体分类群是在秋葵素中由秋水仙碱处理而成的，该秋水仙碱是由精选的小麦粒小麦的杂种中的秋水仙碱处理而开发的。（2n = 4x = 28，AtAtGG）和一个普通小麦（Triticum monococcum L.）的半矮种系（2n = 2x = 14，AmAm）。使用顺序的多色荧光和基因组原位杂交技术（FISH和mcGISH）进行了详细的细胞分子检查。事实证明，T。timococcum具有来自其父母的42条染色体。利用FISH可以在二倍体中区分出单毛锥虫和提莫非艾维氏菌A基因组的染色体。通过本研究的三个基因组的核型以及对A和G染色体的mcGISH技术的成功优化，支持了对染色体的成功判别。在2012年和2013年的自然和人工生长条件下也进行了表型评估。根据结果，T。timococcum在穗形（小穗）形状和株高方面具有中等特征，而与雌性亲本相似， T. timopheevii关于青春期。与其父母一样，T。timococcum对小麦的主要真菌病害表现出出色的抗性。T. timococcum的花期晚些，穗长而疏松，分till更少，种子仅为其父本的三分之一。第三代T. timococcum能够产生可接受数量的种子，