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One, four or 100 genera? A new classification of the cone snails
Journal of Molluscan Studies ( IF 1.2 ) Pub Date : 2014-09-05 , DOI: 10.1093/mollus/eyu055
N Puillandre 1 , T F Duda 2 , C Meyer 3 , B M Olivera 4 , P Bouchet 5
Affiliation  

We present a new classification for the genus Conus sensu lato (family Conidae), based on molecular phylogenetic analyses of 329 species. This classification departs from both the traditional classification in only one genus and from a recently proposed shell- and radula-based classification scheme that separates members of this group into five families and 115 genera. Roughly 140 genus-group names are available for Recent cone snails. We propose to place all cone snails within a single family (Conidae) containing four genera—Conus, Conasprella, Profundiconus and Californiconus (with Conus alone encompassing about 85% of known species)—based on the clear separation of cone snails into four distinct and well-supported groups/lineages in molecular phylogenetic analyses. Within Conus and Conasprella, we recognize 57 and 11 subgenera, respectively, that represent well-supported subgroupings within these genera, which we interpret as evidence of intrageneric distinctiveness. We allocate the 803 Recent species of Conidae listed as valid in the World Register of Marine Species into these four genera and 71 subgenera, with an estimate of the confidence for placement of species in these taxonomic categories based on whether molecular or radula and/or shell data were used in these determinations. Our proposed classification effectively departs from previous schemes by (1) limiting the number of accepted genera, (2) retaining the majority of species within the genus Conus and (3) assigning members of these genera to species groups/subgenera to enable the effective communication of these groups, all of which we hope will encourage acceptance of this scheme.

中文翻译:

一、四或一百个属?锥螺的新分类

我们基于对 329 个物种的分子系统发育分析,提出了 Conus sensu lato(Conidae 科)属的新分类。这种分类既不同于传统的仅一个属的分类,也不同于最近提出的基于贝壳和辐条的分类方案,该方案将该组的成员分为五个科和 115 个属。大约有 140 个属群名称可用于近代锥蜗牛。我们建议将所有锥蜗牛归入一个包含四个属的单一家族 (Conidae) 中——Conus、Conasprella、Profundiconus 和 Califoriconus(仅 Conus 就包含了大约 85% 的已知物种)——基于将锥蜗牛明确分为四个不同的和分子系统发育分析中得到充分支持的群体/谱系。在 Conus 和 Conasprella 中,我们分别识别了 57 个和 11 个亚属,代表这些属内得到充分支持的亚群,我们将其解释为属内独特性的证据。我们将世界海洋物种登记册中列为有效的 803 种新近物种分为这四个属和 71 个亚属,并根据分子或轮叶和/或壳对物种在这些分类学类别中的置信度进行估计数据用于这些测定。我们提出的分类有效地偏离了以前的方案,通过 (1) 限制接受属的数量,(2) 保留 Conus 属内的大多数物种,以及 (3) 将这些属的成员分配给物种组/亚属,以实现有效的交流在这些团体中,我们希望所有这些团体都能鼓励人们接受这个计划。
更新日期:2014-09-05
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