The current meta-analysis estimated the magnitude of the impact of asking intention and self-prediction questions on rates of subsequent behavior, and examined mediators and moderators of this question-behavior effect (QBE). Random-effects meta-analysis on 116 published tests of the effect indicated that intention/prediction questions have a small positive effect on behavior (d+ = 0.24). Little support was observed for attitude accessibility, cognitive dissonance, behavioral simulation, or processing fluency explanations of the QBE. Multivariate analyses indicated significant effects of social desirability of behavior/behavior domain (larger effects for more desirable and less risky behaviors), difficulty of behavior (larger effects for easy-to-perform behaviors), and sample type (larger effects among student samples). Although this review controls for co-occurrence of moderators in multivariate analyses, future primary research should systematically vary moderators in fully factorial designs. Further primary research is also needed to unravel the mechanisms underlying different variants of the QBE.

中文翻译：

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问意图或自我预测问题对后续行为的影响：荟萃分析。

当前的荟萃分析估计了询问意图和自我预测问题对随后行为发生率的影响的幅度，并研究了这种提问行为效应（QBE）的中介者和调节者。随机效应荟萃分析对116种已公布的效应进行了检验，结果表明意图/预测问题对行为的积极影响较小（d + = 0.24）。在态度可及性，认知失调，行为模拟或QBE的处理流畅性解释方面，几乎没有观察到支持。多变量分析表明，社会对行为/行为领域的合意性（显着影响较大，以获得更理想和较低风险的行为），行为难度（对易执行行为产生较大影响）和样本类型（在学生样本中产生较大影响）产生了重大影响。尽管本综述控制了多元分析中主持人的同时出现，但未来的主要研究应系统地在完全析因设计中改变主持人。还需要进一步的初步研究来阐明QBE不同变体的潜在机制。